a.

New England’s tribes united against the colonists.

b.

In the long run, the war produced a broadening of freedom for whites in New England.

c.

Native Americans up and down the eastern seaboard began rebelling against colonial rule when they saw what happened to their New England counterparts.

d.

Massachusetts banned all Native Americans from living within its borders.

e.

Great Britain formed the New England Confederation to protect against Native American depredations.

a.

Native Americans ultimately won.

b.

led to indentured servants gaining more rights.

c.

slaves started in hopes of gaining their freedom.

d.

started with disputes over Native American territory.

e.

involved the spread of Christianity.

*a.

merchants should control the government because they contributed more than others to national wealth.

b.

the government should regulate economic activity so as to promote national power.

c.

the government should encourage manufacturing and commerce by keeping its hands off of the economy.

d.

colonies existed as a place for the mother country to send raw materials to be turned into manufactured goods.

e.

England wanted the right to sell goods in France, but only to non-Catholic buyers.

a.

required the Royal Navy to use only Protestant navigators on its ships.

b.

aimed to wrest control of world trade from the Dutch.

c.

freed England’s North American colonies from economic regulations (to stimulate prosperity).

d.

added New Netherland to the British empire.

e.

authorized several mapmaking expeditions to the New World.

a.

made up the bulk of items imported into the colonies from abroad.

b.

were those the English colonies could not produce under the terms of the Navigation Acts.

c.

created a financial drain on the English government during the seventeenth century.

d.

were colonial products, such as tobacco and sugar, that first had to be imported to England.

e.

were specifically exempt from England’s mercantilist regulations.

a.

England’s defeat of the Netherlands in the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War of 1649.

b.

England’s victory in a 1676 religious war with Spain.

c.

A treaty signed with the Iroquois Confederacy.

d.

The incredible financial success of the British East India Company.

e.

The restoration of the monarchy in 1660.

a.

It resulted from a treaty in Europe.

b.

The Duke of York married into the Dutch royal family.

c.

The Dutch traded the colony back to Indians, who sold it to the English.

d.

The Dutch saw New York as being on the periphery of its empire, so they didn’t protect it.

e.

Puritans from New England mounted an invasion with the idea of setting up a holy community.

a.

gain slaves.

d.

gain more farmland.

b.

control more territory.

e.

spread the Protestant faith.

c.

control trade.

a.

They banned the institution of slavery in their new colony.

b.

They introduced the practice of slavery in New York.

c.

The free black population gained more job opportunities.

d.

The English moved the free black population to nearby New Jersey.

e.

Free blacks lost employment opportunities in skilled jobs.

a.

After a series of complex negotiations, both groups aided each other’s imperial ambitions.

b.

The English destroyed the Iroquois Confederacy temporarily but revived it under Sir Edmund Andros’s rule after the Glorious Revolution of 1688.

c.

English oppression drove the Iroquois to the side of the French, who eagerly sought their support.

d.

It enabled the Iroquois to build alliances with other tribes against a common enemy.

e.

The Iroquois adopted the English constitutional system.

a.

The promise James II gave Parliament that he would marry a Protestant princess.

b.

An agreement between the Dutch and the Mohican Nation that led to the founding of New Netherland.

c.

A mythical piece of priceless gold jewelry that Europeans wished to acquire from the Iroquois.

d.

An important Puritan text that spelled out the doctrine of predestination.

e.

An alliance made by the governor of New York and the Iroquois Confederacy.

a.

Hurons.

d.

Creeks.

b.

Iroquois.

e.

Powhatan.

c.

Wampanoags.

a.

was the work of the Dutch, who did not trust the English to protect their religious freedom.

b.

resulted especially from displeasure among residents of Manhattan.

c.

reflected in part an effort by the British to exert their influence and control over the Dutch.

d.

affirmed religious toleration for all denominations.

e.

eliminated the property requirement for voting.

a.

former indentured servants from Virginia.

b.

supporters of Anne Hutchinson seeking refuge from Massachusetts.

c.

landless sons of wealthy planters in Barbados.

d.

Protestants upset over Catholic rule in Maryland.

e.

planters from Cuba hoping to expand their sugarcane empires.

a.

were modeled after the Cherokee government.

b.

permitted only members of the Church of England to worship freely.

c.

resulted in absolute power over slaves and indentured servants.

d.

did not allow a headright society.

e.

wanted only a feudal society and no assembly.

a.

The colonists’ refusal to trade with the Yamasee and Creek.

b.

An alliance of the Yamasee and Creek with the Iroquois Confederacy, which had declared war against New York colonists.

c.

High debts incurred by the Yamasee and Creek in trade with the English settlers.

d.

The English colonists’ plans to begin capturing Native Americans to sell as slaves.

e.

A bloody rebellion by African slaves against their masters near Charles Town.

a.

Philadelphia merchants.

d.

South Carolina rice planters.

b.

Boston political elite.

e.

New York merchants.

c.

Virginia tobacco farmers.

a.

King Charles I wanted Quakers to have a place where they could enjoy religious toleration.

b.

he supported the crown during the Glorious Revolution.

c.

the king wanted to cancel his debt to the Penn family and bolster the English presence in North America.

d.

he conquered the Swedes and Dutch who previously had controlled the land.

e.

his invention of what was then called the “penncill” made him incredibly rich.

a.

few Indians lived in Pennsylvania.

b.

the English wiped out all of the Indians within the first five years of the start of the colony.

c.

from the beginning, William Penn ordered the seizure of all Indian land.

d.

William Penn did not permit the enslavement of Indians.

e.

William Penn preferred enslaving Africans.

a.

praised William Penn’s Native American policy.

b.

condemned the idea of whole families migrating to Pennsylvania.

c.

praised the diversity of the immigrants.

d.

condemned land being used for farming.

e.

praised the idea of religion serving as a model for the colony.

a.

limited to white, landowning men.

b.

strictly defined.

c.

a universal entitlement.

d.

extended to women but not to blacks.

e.

limited to the spiritually inclined.

a.

Pennsylvania was the only colony in which efforts at conversion focused on turning Native Americans into Quakers.

b.

The colony bought all of the land the Native Americans occupied and moved them west of the Appalachians, meaning that Indians were relocated but not decimated.

c.

Because Quakers were pacifists, they had to bring in militias from other colonies to take over Native American lands.

d.

Despite Quaker pacifism, Pennsylvanians were determined to exterminate the natives.

e.

Pennsylvania purchased Indian land that was then resold to colonists and offered refuge to tribes driven out of other colonies.

a.

Settlers could belong to any denomination but had to sign an oath affirming that they would not oppress Quakers.

b.

Holding office required an oath affirming a belief in Jesus Christ, which eliminated Jews from serving.

c.

Atheists were welcome as long as they promised not to publicly attack religion.

d.

Church attendance was mandatory, but the state did not specify which type of church.

e.

There were no restrictions.

a.

They contributed to the increasing reliance of Virginia and Maryland on African slave labor.

b.

Now that Pennsylvania attracted so many settlers, Carolina was desperate for laborers and began a vast Indian slave trade.

c.

They actually discouraged suspicious Europeans from choosing Pennsylvania as a place to settle.

d.

They led the Puritan authorities in Massachusetts to adopt religious toleration in order to compete with Pennsylvania for colonists.

e.

They encouraged poor residents of New York and New Jersey to move to Pennsylvania in such numbers that Penn repealed his policies within a decade.

a.

Everyone, male and female.

d.

Quakers.

b.

A majority of the male population.

e.

All people of European descent.

c.

All males.

a.

Slavery became perpetual, as the children of slaves were slaves too.

b.

Africans were less likely to run away than Native Americans.

c.

Racism had existed since ancient times in England.

d.

Africans fell under the purview of English common law.

e.

The word “slave” came from several different West African languages.

a.

race.

d.

religion.

b.

ethnicity.

e.

literature.

c.

political ideals.

a.

The English word “slavery” derives from “Slav,” reflecting the slave trade in Slavic peoples until the fifteenth century.

b.

Christians never were enslaved.

c.

The Roman Empire outlawed it, but it revived, thanks to Columbus.

d.

It was nonexistent in Africa until the arrival of European slave traders.

e.

In every culture in which it existed, it was based on the needs of large-scale agriculture.

a.

declined in importance during the 1600s.

b.

was more likely to be based in the household than on an agricultural plantation.

c.

led to much higher death rates.

d.

was entirely race-based.

e.

existed only for women.

a.

Tobacco.

d.

Cotton.

b.

Indigo.

e.

Sugar.

c.

Silver.

a.

Massachusetts.

d.

The Carolinas.

b.

The West Indies.

e.

Virginia.

c.

Mexico.

a.

By the end of the century, the African population far outnumbered the European population on most islands.

b.

Mixed economies with small farms worked by indentured servants dominated islands such as Barbados throughout the century.

c.

Frequent uprisings by African slaves caused the English to abandon the West Indies by the 1680s and to relocate staple crop production to mainland North America.

d.

The free labor system of the West Indies stood in stark contrast to the slave labor system of the Chesapeake.

e.

Indentured servants replaced African slaves in the West Indies once the demand for slaves in Carolina drained away the African population of the islands.

a.

it was a longer trip from Africa to North America, making slavery less profitable.

b.

planters in Virginia and Maryland agreed that indentured servants were far less troublesome.

c.

the high death rate among tobacco workers made it economically unappealing to pay more for a slave likely to die within a short time.

d.

Parliament passed a law in 1643 that gave tax breaks to British West Indian planters who imported slaves but not to American colonists who imported slaves.

e.

those living in the British West Indies opposed slavery until the American colonies won their independence in the Revolutionary War.

a.

black men were not permitted to marry white women but black women could marry white men.

b.

free blacks had the right to sue and testify in court.

c.

free blacks were not permitted to serve in the militia unless they signed a loyalty oath.

d.

the sale of any married slave was prohibited.

e.

the children of enslaved women were free; the status of enslavement was not inherited.

a.

William Penn.

d.

Robert Carter.

b.

Anthony Johnson.

e.

Nathaniel Bacon.

c.

Olaudah Equiano.

a.

Property registers list white servants with the number of years they were to work, but blacks (with higher valuations) had no terms of service associated with their names.

b.

Transcripts from legislative debates in the House of Burgesses show that Virginia lawmakers were debating whether permanent slave status was a good idea.

c.

Records of declining tobacco prices show that it had become harder to keep labor, which would have forced planters to turn increasingly to Africans and away from white servants.

d.

There is none, because slavery did not fully exist in Virginia until after Bacon’s Rebellion in 1676.

e.

Advertisements for slaves began appearing in newspapers regularly by 1642.

a.

every other colonial assembly followed suit.

b.

Governor William Berkeley vetoed the measure, which led to Bacon’s Rebellion.

c.

it meant that, under Virginia law, Christians could own other Christians.

d.

mass protests followed.

e.

slaves quit attending church.

a.

The economy was doing so well that even though they made less money than large-scale planters, their problems were too small to justify their rebellion.

b.

They had access to the best land, but a glut in the tobacco market left them in poverty.

c.

Their taxes were incredibly low—the one issue with which they were pleased.

d.

They could count on the government to help them take over Native American lands and thereby expand their meager holdings.

e.

The lack of good land, high taxes on tobacco, and falling prices reduced their prospects.

a.

worsening economic conditions in Virginia.

b.

increased slavery in the Carolinas.

c.

Indian attacks in New England.

d.

the Glorious Revolution in England.

e.

the Salem witch trials.

a.

actually was socially closer to the elite than to the indentured servants who supported him.

b.

had no connection to Virginia’s wealthiest planters.

c.

won unanimous support for his effort to reduce taxes, but his effort to remove all Native Americans from the colony doomed his rebellion.

d.

burned down Jamestown but never succeeded in taking over the colony or driving out Governor Berkeley.

e.

was the first colonist to open his own slaughterhouse.

a.

The town was impenetrable and well fortified.

b.

The town accepted the surrender of Bacon.

c.

The small landowners sided with the Jamestown elite.

d.

It was invaded by the Powhatans.

e.

It was burned to the ground.

a.

A large and sustained increase in the importation of indentured servants.

b.

Generous payments to Native Americans to encourage them to give up their lands to white farmers.

c.

Changes in the political style of Virginia’s powerful large-scale planters, who adopted a get-tough policy with small farmers and hired their own militia to enforce their will.

d.

The replacing of indentured servants with African slaves on Virginia’s plantations.

e.

An order from Governor Berkeley that Native Americans could serve in the militia.

a.

the opening of the new colony of North Carolina attracted enough whites to make up for the loss of those who would have come to the New World as indentured servants.

b.

Bacon’s Rebellion reminded leaders of the dangers of allowing racial intermarriage.

c.

improving conditions in England reduced the number of transatlantic migrants.

d.

a monopoly on the slave trade made it easier to import Africans.

e.

indentured servants began forming associations that went on strike for better conditions.

a.

simply brought together old aspects of the laws governing slaves and slavery.

b.

completely rewrote and changed the earlier slave laws.

c.

embedded the principle of white supremacy in law.

d.

made clear that slaves were subject to the will of their masters but not to anyone who could not claim ownership of them.

e.

was the work of Nathaniel Bacon.

a.

Runaways were very rare because slaves knew that attempting to escape would be futile.

b.

Some slaves were the offspring of white traders and therefore knew enough English to turn to the legal system, at least until Virginia lawmakers prevented them from doing so.

c.

A number of bloody rebellions prompted a wholesale revision of slave codes.

d.

It was limited because slaves at the time were too new to the colonies to understand the concept of freedom.

e.

All runaways headed for freedom in French Canada.

a.

resulted mainly from the fears of English aristocrats that the birth of James II’s son would lead to a Catholic succession.

b.

ended parliamentary rule in Great Britain until Queen Anne’s War in 1702.

c.

was the work of an ambitious Danish prince out to avenge his father’s murder by a British nobleman.

d.

had no impact on the British colonies in America.

e.

prompted Scotland’s secession from Great Britain and thus a reduction in Scotch-Irish immigration to the colonies.

a.

was unwritten, like the English constitution on which it was based.

b.

was King William’s finest writing on the importance of liberty.

c.

divided power in England between the king and Parliament.

d.

was copied word for word into the U.S. Constitution a century later.

e.

listed parliamentary powers over such individual rights as trial by jury.

a.

allowed Jews to participate in the English government.

b.

actually allowed no toleration of religion in the colonies.

c.

gave Catholics the same rights as Protestants.

d.

was not as inclusive in regard to religion as Rhode Island and Pennsylvania.

e.

topped the reign of James II.

a.

Charles II revoked the charters of all colonies that had violated the Navigation Acts.

b.

It created the Dominion of New England, run by a royal appointee without benefit of an elected assembly.

c.

Because Charles II and James II were at least closet Catholics, the colonies no longer could establish churches within their borders.

d.

The king started appointing all judges.

e.

Not at all; this was the era in which colonies achieved autonomy.

a.

The Salem witch trials made a mockery of colonial law.

b.

Massachusetts’s opposition to the Glorious Revolution angered Parliament.

c.

The king planned on living in Massachusetts after fleeing England.

d.

Charles did not approve of Massachusetts’s violations of Navigation laws.

e.

Charles wanted to give more colonial power to Plymouth.

a.

New Hampshire.

d.

New York.

b.

Pennsylvania.

e.

Maryland.

c.

Virginia.

a.

was a close ally of Sir Edmund Andros, who was trying to regain control of the Dominion of New England.

b.

was overthrown and killed in so grisly a manner that the rivalry between his friends and foes polarized New York politics for years.

c.

was knighted for his role in supporting the Glorious Revolution.

d.

sought to impose Catholic rule but was defeated by a Protestant militia in a short but bloody civil war.

e.

slaughtered so many Native Americans that wars between whites and the remaining tribes kept New York in an uproar for the next two decades.

a.

New York and New Jersey were unified.

b.

West Jersey and East Jersey were created.

c.

Land was returned to the Iroquois.

d.

Massachusetts absorbed Plymouth.

e.

Carolina was divided into two colonies.

a.

it was required to abide by the English Act of Toleration, which displeased many Puritan leaders.

b.

it received the right to have its voters elect its own governor and legislative assembly.

c.

Plymouth was split off from Massachusetts to become its own independent colony.

d.

church membership became the chief legal requirement for voting.

e.

social tensions generally decreased and a relatively peaceful period ensued.

a.

was perfectly acceptable when it was used for proper purposes.

b.

was punishable by hanging unless it was used to reinforce men’s standing and God’s will.

c.

resulted from pacts that women made with the devil to obtain supernatural powers or interfere with natural processes.

d.

was restricted to Salem.

e.

was due entirely to exposure to Catholicism.

a.

a single young woman whose attractiveness meant that some saw her as a threat to Puritan values.

b.

a married woman who normally was subservient to her husband and the community, which made her behavior seem all the more bizarre.

c.

a widow who presumably was too lonely or too dependent on the community to be taken seriously, but who had to be tried and convicted to keep others from thinking similarly.

d.

a married woman who had just lost a child.

e.

a woman beyond childbearing age who was outspoken, economically independent, or estranged from her husband.

a.

The only way to avoid prosecution was to confess and name others.

b.

When Tituba testified, the issue became racial and divided the town.

c.

All of the accused were children, and Puritans were determined to force their young to accept their religious traditions or face death.

d.

The colonial capital had just been moved to Salem, upsetting the normally staid town.

e.

They did not; actually, the number of accusations was average and Salem was highly overrated as a place for charges of witchcraft.

a.

The Massachusetts governor.

d.

Tituba.

b.

The local pastor.

e.

Increase Mather.

c.

Salem’s judge.

a.

Irish.

d.

English.

b.

Scottish.

e.

Germans.

c.

Africans.

a.

From the beginning of English settlement, the colonies were highly diverse in race and religion.

b.

England originally promoted emigration to the colonies as a means of ridding itself of excess population but cut back in the eighteenth century.

c.

Men and women arrived in almost equal numbers because English officials encouraged women to leave, believing that fewer women in the mother country would equal slower population growth.

d.

England urged professionals and skilled craftspeople to go to its colonies in America because it wanted to create a model society there, but eventually it began to urge vagabonds and “masterless men” to go instead.

e.

Germans were the only non-British group allowed to live in the colonies.

a.

Protestants from non-English and less prosperous parts of the British Isles.

b.

Catholics from France and Spain, thereby weakening England’s enemies.

c.

Professionals and skilled craftsmen from England.

d.

Members of nonmainstream religions, particularly Quakers and Anabaptists.

e.

Wealthy merchants who could spur economic growth in the colonies.

a.

were almost uniformly Catholics.

b.

usually worked in the West Indies before moving to the mainland colonies.

c.

were not only poor farmers but also physicians, merchants, and teachers.

d.

did little to add to the religious diversity in America.

e.

represented only a small fraction of the immigration to the colonies.

a.

Irish.

d.

English.

b.

Scotch-Irish.

e.

German.

c.

Swedish.

a.

was small when compared to other European migrants.

b.

involved fur trapping west of the Appalachian Mountains.

c.

was to frontier areas as farmers.

d.

was mainly to New England as they came to frontier areas.

e.

was as slaveholders in the coastal Carolina region.

a.

For New Englanders to trade molasses for rum with the West Indies.

b.

For bringing Protestant refugees to North America for a hefty fee.

c.

For carrying indentured German families to America, where they would work off their transportation debt.

d.

For unloading the unwanted convicts of London and Amsterdam to ports such as Boston and New York.

e.

For pirating against Spain and France, their Catholic archenemies.

a.

existed only in Virginia and North Carolina.

b.

was due largely to the increasing Jewish presence in the colonies.

c.

was in the majority of colonies because of the proliferation of many different Protestant groups.

d.

expanded in the colonies because of the English Civil War.

e.

was not the norm, as most colonies had taxes to pay the salary of clergy.

a.

for the economic opportunities in New England.

b.

to be involved in colonial governments.

c.

to become indentured servants in North America.

d.

to escape rigid religious restrictions in German-speaking areas of Europe.

e.

to escape violence.

a.

were well integrated into the British imperial system.

b.

benefited from the Walking Purchase of 1737.

c.

were viewed in the same way by traders, British officials, and farmers.

d.

never warred with the colonists.

e.

had access to the liberties guaranteed to Englishmen.

a.

led to war with the Iroquois and a divided confederacy.

b.

was a deceitful land deal for the Cherokees.

c.

was drawn up from William Penn’s agreement with the English monarchy.

d.

sparked a slave revolt.

e.

involved swift runners being used to map out land being taken away from Indians.

a.

merchants.

d.

fur trappers.

b.

slave traders.

e.

silversmiths.

c.

farmers.

a.

served to deter other immigrants coming to America.

b.

attracted immigrants facing starvation.

c.

led to more Germans coming for religious freedom.

d.

attracted slaveowners.

e.

served as a cautionary tale about colonial taxes.

a.

They both advocated that all people in America should carry weapons.

b.

If the Swiss-German was Protestant, he might share a fear of Catholicism with the other writer.

c.

They both believed squatting on land was acceptable.

d.

The writer of “Memorial” would actually want the Swiss-German to be reunited with his family in the American colonies.

e.

The Swiss-German actually wanted to limit the amount of immigrants to the colonies, too.

a.

It was in decline in the backcountry as compared to coastal areas.

b.

Because New York’s landlords had taken over so much land, agriculture grew more slowly in New York than in other colonies.

c.

New England moved away from smaller farming and increasingly toward large-scale farms and plantations.

d.

The standard of living on farms was far lower than it was in Europe.

e.

Farmers in the Middle Colonies had no interest in the market.

a.

were found in many colonial residents’ homes.

b.

were specifically banned in the colonies by the Navigation Acts.

c.

were rare in the colonies, thus demonstrating that the colonists lived in a premodern world.

d.

were manufactured in several mainland English colonies but had to be shipped to England for sale.

e.

were almost entirely Dutch-made.

a.

became home to a varied population of artisans and craftsmen.

b.

was one of the empire’s least successful seaports.

c.

was large by European standards.

d.

was populated almost entirely by wealthy citizens.

e.

came under the almost dictatorial control of Benjamin Franklin.

a.

Like the mother country, the colonies had a titled aristocracy.

b.

They controlled colonial government.

c.

They often encountered financial trouble because they lacked connections to their counterparts back in the mother country.

d.

Most of them were as wealthy as, if not wealthier than, the British aristocracy.

e.

All of them were careful to marry outside their families.

a.

Social obligations demanded that they give everyone the same liberties they enjoyed.

b.

It meant the power to rule—the right of those blessed with wealth and prominence to dominate others.

c.

They should enjoy their wealth but not parade it by dressing differently or by living in homes that were more elaborate than those of a lower status.

d.

They should work hard, because that is how they would make more money.

e.

They felt that they had no role and that those beneath them should just take care of themselves.

a.

Poverty was greater in the colonies than it was in Great Britain, which had more economic activity.

b.

The percentage of colonists living in poverty was great because the northern colonists considered slaves poverty-stricken.

c.

Limited supplies of land, especially for inheritance, contributed to poverty.

d.

Colonists differed greatly from the British back in England in how they viewed poverty and those living in poverty.

e.

It declined in the cities because of the rise of consumer markets.

a.

percentage of landowners increased in urban areas.

b.

economic rights of slaves increased.

c.

wealthy wanted to spread the wealth to decrease poverty.

d.

percentage of landowners became less in the colonies than in England.

e.

rich became richer.

a.

almost always owned at least three slaves.

b.

were in decline as bigger cities like Philadelphia expanded.

c.

saw freedom as depending on their political rights, not their ownership of property.

d.

viewed land ownership almost as a right, a precondition of freedom.

e.

engaged in arranged intermarriages.

a.

They received more legal rights, such as the right to own property in their own names.

b.

Women’s work became more clearly defined as tied closely to the home.

c.

Their workloads decreased thanks to technological advances such as the spinning wheel and to declining infant mortality rates.

d.

Women were permitted to practice law.

e.

Women bore so few children that population levels slightly declined in the 1740s, then stabilized until the American Revolution.

a.

Helping her artisan husband make his product.

b.

Taking to market corn harvested by her husband.

c.

Cooking the family meals.

d.

Teaching her children to sing and dance properly.

e.

Keeping a family journal.

a.

established a Committee of Safety in New York

b.

a Protestant who became King of England

c.

Metacom

d.

formed Covenant Chain with Iroquois

e.

elite planter who called for reform in Virginia

f.

governor of Virginia during Bacon’s Rebellion

g.

a Catholic who became King of England

h.

wealthy Virginian speaker of the House of Burgesses

i.

proprietor of Pennsylvania

j.

successful Jewish silversmith

k.

overthrown in the Glorious Revolution

l.

slave who became free and owned slaves himself

a.

elites in America becoming more culturally English

b.

allowed Protestant Dissenters to worship freely in England

c.

government regulation of the nation’s economy (to assure national power)

d.

placed William of Orange on the English throne

e.

had a monopoly on the slave trade

f.

a very liberal frame for government

g.

English demanded this over their former Dutch rulers

h.

agreement between New York and Iroquois

i.

believed in the equality of all persons

j.

law that regulated the shipping and selling of colonial products

k.

the poor of Virginia demand change

l.

war between New Englanders and Indians