a.

believed in an all-powerful God

b.

argued for the literal truth of the Bible

c.

included Founding Fathers such as Jefferson and Franklin

d.

were basically atheists

e.

felt the United States should have an official religion

a.

was especially strong in Boston

b.

was a form of traditional Puritanism

c.

insisted upon the divinity of Jesus

d.

became the country’s largest denomination by 1830

e.

claimed to be the only true religion

a.

reason and conscience

b.

creeds and confessions

c.

belief in the Holy Trinity

d.

ritualistic practices

e.

belief in prophecy and miracles

a.

the universe is continually expanding

b.

rich people are blessed by God

c.

God predestined only a few for salvation

d.

everyone can be saved

e.

Americans are God’s chosen people

a.

Calvinism

b.

Deism

c.

Unitarianism

d.

Universalism

e.

Episcopalianism

a.

Episcopalian

b.

Methodist

c.

Unitarian

d.

Presbyterian

e.

Baptist

a.

Baptist

b.

Lutheran

c.

Methodist

d.

Presbyterian

e.

Mormon

a.

New Englanders

b.

Deists

c.

city dwellers

d.

the educated

e.

frontier people

a.

belief in salvation for all

b.

condemnation of slavery

c.

emotional church services

d.

emphasis upon Bible studies

e.

rapid growth in the South

a.

the popularity of camp meetings

b.

the belief that only a small minority could attain salvation

c.

the growing appeal of Catholicism

d.

declining literacy rates

e.

popular new translations of the Bible

a.

founded the American Unitarian Association

b.

was the original Methodist “circuit rider”

c.

was a theology professor at Yale who criticized the emotionalism of the Second Great Awakening

d.

taught Universalism as a professor of religion at Harvard

e.

became America’s greatest composer of hymns

a.

exhibit their preaching skills

b.

be leaders outside the home

c.

talk about their husbands’ sins

d.

show off their Bible knowledge

e.

take classes from local educators

a.

the southern frontier

b.

the coastal areas of the Carolinas

c.

western New York

d.

the Appalachian region

e.

the Mississippi Valley

a.

He preached at marathon revivals.

b.

He was active in New York’s burned-over district.

c.

He became president of Oberlin College.

d.

He rejected the doctrine of predestination.

e.

He was an active Universalist preacher.

a.

Duke

b.

Oberlin

c.

Vassar

d.

William and Mary

e.

Yale

a.

started the Mormon Church in Utah

b.

was a great revivalist preacher

c.

found golden plates whose etchings became the Book of Mormon

d.

claimed to be God’s only prophet

e.

got rich from the contributions of his followers

a.

Charleston, South Carolina

b.

Charlotte, North Carolina

c.

Green Bay, Wisconsin

d.

Nauvoo, Illinois

e.

Provo, Utah

a.

cooperated closely with Methodists and Baptists

b.

remained confined to western New York

c.

denied that they were Christians

d.

generated hostility from non-Mormons

e.

remained a small cult with a few hundred members

a.

rejected Joseph Smith’s teachings on plural marriage

b.

completely revised the Book of Mormon

c.

declared war on Joseph Smith’s killers

d.

led the Mormons to Utah

e.

founded a Mormon university

a.

recognition of the limits of science and reason

b.

a belief that Americans were too religious

c.

a desire for art and literature that was uniquely American

d.

a longing for love and passion in daily life

e.

a growing belief that man should dominate nature

a.

were largely based in New England

b.

rejected Romanticism due to their intellectual faith in reason

c.

studied various Eastern religions

d.

often disagreed with one another

e.

included male and female ministers and reformers

a.

Nathaniel Hawthorne

b.

Bronson Alcott

c.

Ralph Waldo Emerson

d.

Henry David Thoreau

e.

Theodore Parker

a.

studied philosophy at Harvard

b.

became a successful writer and lecturer

c.

worked in his father’s pencil factory

d.

became Ralph Waldo Emerson’s teacher

e.

lived in a cabin at Walden Pond

a.

refused to pay his poll tax

b.

joined the army

c.

organized anti-war rallies

d.

tore up his draft card

e.

wrote a book called Walden

a.

the irrelevance of transcendentalism in an industrialist society

b.

how writers can have influence far beyond their own time

c.

how little an individual actually needs society

d.

the futility of resisting the government’s power

e.

the dangers of a life close to nature

a.

were soon largely forgotten

b.

were of extraordinary quality

c.

made numerous authors wealthy

d.

were greatly influenced by those of Britain

e.

focused mainly on the coming Civil War

a.

used the themes of guilt and evil in many of his stories

b.

became a writer on a bet with his wife

c.

pioneered a free-verse style of poetry

d.

began the American literary renaissance with his poem “The Raven”

e.

specialized in romantic portrayals of Indian culture

a.

wrote The Scarlet Letter, one of the first feminist novels

b.

lived and worked in New York City

c.

published only a few poems in her lifetime

d.

quit writing after she got married

e.

wrote poems that reflected the sunny optimism of her era

a.

Nathaniel Hawthorne

b.

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

c.

Henry David Thoreau

d.

Edgar Allan Poe

e.

James Russell Lowell

a.

wrote a series of bestsellers in the 1840s and 1850s

b.

instructed his readers on becoming successful in business

c.

wrote romantic novels primarily set in the countryside

d.

ultimately became a powerful New York politician

e.

gathered material for his writings during his years at sea

a.

hated the noise and crowds of New York City

b.

disturbed some readers with his sexual themes

c.

wrote Leaves of Grass about his time living in the forest

d.

followed traditional rules of rhyme and meter

e.

preferred to write sonnets

a.

skyrocketed in circulation

b.

were equally common in the North and South

c.

covered only politics and serious news items

d.

remained relatively expensive

e.

were regulated by state and city governments

a.

had begun to decline

b.

were lowest in New England

c.

were the highest in the Western world

d.

remained shockingly low

e.

were impressive due to compulsory school laws

a.

charged high tuition

b.

emphasized math and science

c.

attracted only the best teachers

d.

remained few in number

e.

held classes nine months per year

a.

Virginia

b.

Texas

c.

Alabama

d.

Georgia

e.

North Carolina

a.

admitted women

b.

had thousands of students

c.

allowed students to take elective courses

d.

emphasized technical training

e.

were affiliated with churches

a.

binge-drinking among college students

b.

religious concerns

c.

the need for a sober industrial labor force

d.

the effects of alcoholism on women and families

e.

the desire of reformers to improve society

a.

allowed women to join

b.

called for abstinence from all alcoholic beverages

c.

allowed members to drink beer and wine

d.

began to push immigration reform as “the only sure way to rid America of demon rum”

e.

became too involved in politics

a.

insane asylum

b.

agricultural community

c.

penitentiary

d.

public school

e.

factory

a.

insane asylums

b.

public education

c.

women’s rights

d.

slavery

e.

temperance

a.

religious conversion

b.

rehabilitation

c.

corporal punishment

d.

providing prisoners an education

e.

patriotic indoctrination

a.

Catharine Beecher

b.

Harriet Hunt

c.

Lucretia Mott

d.

Lucy Stone

e.

Emily Dickinson

a.

women deserved education

b.

professions should be open to women

c.

romantic love was the basis of successful marriage

d.

large families were beneficial

e.

a woman’s place is in the home

a.

celebrated the cult of domesticity

b.

demanded equal rights for women

c.

showed the mass appeal of temperance

d.

reflected female dominance of the abolitionist movement

e.

brought immediate improvements in women’s lives

a.

believed that Jesus Christ had returned to earth in the 1820s

b.

practiced free love and polygamy

c.

were not permitted to leave after their “initiation”

d.

practiced celibacy and owned everything in common

e.

increased their numbers by having large families

a.

a “free love” advocate

b.

an early feminist

c.

organizer of the Seneca Falls Convention

d.

founder of the Shakers

e.

leader of the New Harmony community

a.

Charles C. Finney

b.

Robert Owen

c.

John Humphrey Noyes

d.

Margaret Fuller

e.

George Ripley

a.

complete sexual freedom

b.

total socialism

c.

interracial marriage

d.

compete sexual abstinence

e.

euthanasia for the elderly

a.

it was established by transcendentalists

b.

it was an effort in cooperative living

c.

it was long lasting

d.

it was located near Boston

e.

it was a secular utopian community

a.

received funding from the government

b.

saw their ideas quickly become accepted by the public

c.

were established inside major cities

d.

quickly became failures

e.

were led by religious extremists

a.

set up Seneca Falls Convention

b.

wrote Walden, or Life in the Woods

c.

was the transcendentalist author of “Self-Reliance”

d.

founded Mormonism

e.

founder of the Oneida Community

f.

wrote Typee

g.

promoted statewide school systems

h.

wrote Leaves of Grass

i.

wrote The Scarlet Letter

j.

was a leading Unitarian minister