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Homework answers / question archive / A new client, C Darwin, who runs a small tourist office in town, has submitted his proposed budget figures with you
A new client, C Darwin, who runs a small tourist office in town, has submitted his proposed budget figures with you. The business will take effect from 1 March this year and Joe is anxious to know whether he will have sufficient cash to keep his afloat for the first six months of trading. The data he has supplied is estimated for this six month period, ending 31 August. Joe is to put $50,000 into the business bank account on 1 March. He is to borrow a further $50,000 from the HSBC bank at 8.5% per annum rate of interest with effect from 1 June. The forecast of his monthly sales commission is estimated to be as follows: March $6,500, June $13,500 April $12,500, July $14,000 May $12,500, August $12,500 All clients are expected to settle their accounts one month after the sales go through. Joe will draw S 1,500 per month for personal use, but this will commence from 1 April Staff salaries are estimated to cost $ 1,850 per month, payable in the month. Light and heat is estimated to cost $140 quarterly, paid by direct debit, the first quarter being due on 1 June. O Premises are to be purchases for $105,000 and paid for by five equal monthly installments, the first 4 with effect from 1 March with a final installment payable in August. A motor vehicle for $12,600, to be paid for over three equal installments commencing in March. Depreciation on the vehicle is at 30% per annum. Computer equipment valued $2,500 is to be purchased in March with a 10% deposit followed by five equal monthly installments. The equipment is to be depreciated at the same rate as the vehicle. An advertising and promotional campaign is expected to cost $1,500 per month for the first 4 months and $ 1,250 for the final 2 months. Motor expenses are expected to be $ 250 per month payable in the month. General overhead expenses are estimated to be $ 400 per month, payable one month in arrears. Rates, water, insurance and other various costs are estimated to be $ 1,400 per month for the first 4 months of business, rising by 20% thereafter. All these costs are payable one month in arrears. Required: (a) Prepare a cash budget to cover the 6 month period commencing from 1st March. (b) Prepare a profit & loss statement for the 6 month period ending 31 August
Answer -
(a) Cash Outflow for respective months (From March to August) -
Expenses (In $) | March | April | May | June | July | August |
8.5% HSBC Bank Loan Interest | 1062.5 | |||||
Drawings for Joe's personal use | 1500 | 1500 | 1500 | 1500 | 1500 | |
Staff Salaries | 1850 | 1850 | 1850 | 1850 | 1850 | 1850 |
Light & heat | 140 | |||||
Purchase of Premises | 21000 | 21000 | 21000 | 21000 | 21000 | |
Motor Vehicle | 4200 | 4200 | ||||
Advertising & promtional campaign | 1500 | 1500 | 1500 | 1500 | 1250 | 1250 |
Motor Expenses | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 |
General Overhead expenses | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400 | |
Rates, water, insurance & other costs | 1400 | 1400 | 1400 | 1400 | 1680 | |
Total Monthly Outflow | 28,800 | 27,900 | 27,900 | 28,040 | 10,850 | 28,993 |
Cash Inflow for respective months ( From March to August) -
Income | March | April | May | June | July | August |
Own Capital | 50,000 | |||||
HSBC Bank Loan | 50,000 | |||||
Monthly Sales Commission | 0 | 6500 | 12500 | 12500 | 13500 | 14000 |
Total Monthly Inflow | 50,000 | 6,500 | 12,500 | 62,500 | 13,500 | 14,000 |
The Inflow and Outflow of respective months from March to August will be as below ( Minus represents excess Outflow over Inflow and Plus represents Surplus) -
Particulars | March | April | May | June | July | August |
Carry forward of previous month | 0 | 21200 | -200 | -15600 | 18860 | 21510 |
Total Inflow | 50,000 | 6,500 | 12,500 | 62,500 | 13,500 | 14,000 |
Total Outflow | 28,800 | 27,900 | 27,900 | 28,040 | 10,850 | 28,993 |
Net Inflow or Outflow | 21,200 | -200 | -15,600 | 18,860 | 21,510 | 6,517 |
So, there will be a Cash Surplus of $ 6517 for Mr. C Darwin at the end of August month.
Workings -
1. HSBC 8.5% Loan Interest = $ 50,000 * 8.5% = $ 4250 per annum.
Hence, for 3 months starting from June 1 to be paid in the August month ending = $ 4250 * 3/12 (i.e. for 3 months out of 12 months period )
= $ 1062.50
2. March month monthly sales commission to be received in April and hence the respective comission to be received by him in respective months are as follows -
March | April | May | June | July | August | |
Monthly Sales Commission | 6500 | 12500 | 12500 | 13500 | 14000 | 12500 |
Month of actual receipt of Commission | 6500 | 12500 | 12500 | 13500 | 14000 |
3. Depreciation on Motor Vehicle and Computer Equipment to be included in Profit & Loss Statement and not in Cash Budget as it doesnot result in actual outflow of Cash. Depreciation on Motor Vehicle and Computer Equipment to be treated as Indirect Expense in Profit & Loss A/c.
4. Motor Vehicle purchased for $ 12,600 to be paid firsst instalment in March and next after 4 months on July as it is paid over 3 equal instalments.
5. General Overhead expenses are paid one month in arrears, hence, March month expense will be paid in April and so on.
6. Rates, water, insurance & other costs are paid one month in arrears, hence, March month expense will be paid in April and so on and July month expense will be paid in August at 120% of actual expense which is 1400 * 120% =1680.
(b)
Profit & Loss A/c of Mr.C Darwin | |||
Particulars | Amount (In $) | Particulars | Amount (In $) |
8.5% HSBC Bank Loan Interest | 1062.5 | Monthly Sales Commission | 71500 |
Staff Salaries | 11100 | ||
Light & heat | 140 | ||
Advertising & promtional campaign | 8500 | ||
Motor Expenses | 1500 | ||
General Overhead expenses | 2000 | ||
Rates, water, insurance & other costs | 7280 | ||
Depreciation on Vehicle | 1890 | ||
Depreciation on Computer equipment | 375 | ||
Net Profit | 37652.5 | ||
Total | 71500 | Total | 71500 |
Notes -
Drawings for Joe's personal use to be deducted from Equity Capital in Balance Sheet and not included in Profit and Loss A/c.
Depreciation on the vehicle and computer equipment to be included in Profit and Loss A/c as Indirect Expense.
Purchase of Premises not to included in Profit and Loss A/c and to be shown in Balance Sheet after deducting Depreciation on the same.
Motor Vehicle not to included in Profit and Loss A/c and to be shown in Balance Sheet after deducting Depreciation on the same.
Sales for all 6 months to be taken into consideration for calculating Sales in Profit & Loss A/c as it is based on the concept of accrual.