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Claris Water Company makes and sells filters for water drinking fountains for the public
Claris Water Company makes and sells filters for water drinking fountains for the public. The filter sells for $50. Recently a make/buy analysis was done based on the need for new manufacturing equipment. The equipment first cost of $200,000 and $25,000 annual operation cost comprise the fixed cost, while Claris's variable cost is $20 per filter. The equipment has a 5-year life, no salvage value, and the MARR is 6% per year. The decision to make the filter was based on the breakeven point and the historical sales level of 5000 filters per year. a) Determine the breakeven point. b) An engineer at Claris learned that an outsourcing firm offered to make the filters for $30 each, but this offer was rejected by the president as entirely too expensive. Perform the breakeven analysis of the two options and determine if the "make" decision was correct. c) Develop and use the profit relations for both options to verify the preceding answers. d) Use a spreadsheet to verify the answers to parts (b) and (c) above by plotting the profit lines.
Expert Solution
Part a:
| Filter sale price (A) | $ 50 |
| Less: Variable cost per filter (B) | $ 20 |
| Contribution per filter (C=A-B) | $ 30 |
| Calculations of Fixed costs: | |
| Depreciation (200000 / 5) = D | $ 40,000 |
| Annual operation cost (E ) | $ 25,000 |
| Total Fixed Cost (F=D+E) | $ 65,000 |
| Break-even Point in units per annum (F/C) | 2166.666667 |
| Break-even Point (rounded) | 2167 units |
Part b:
Break-even point of 'make' option = 2167 units (as found in part a. above)
Break-even point of 'buy' option = 0 units (as it would involved zero fixed cost)
Determination of better option = Simple break-even analysis suggests 'buy' option was better, but wait till we work out part c. as well.
Part c:
| Analysis of 'making' 5000 units per year: | |
| Depreciation (200000 / 5) = D | $ 40,000 |
| Annual operation cost (E ) | $ 25,000 |
| Total Fixed Cost (F=D+E) | $ 65,000 |
| Total Variable cost (G=5000 x $20) | $ 1,00,000 |
| Total Cost of making (H=F+G) | $ 1,65,000 |
| Sale value (I = 5000 x $50) | $ 2,50,000 |
| Profit (J = I - H) | $ 85,000 |
| Analysis of 'buying' 5000 units per year: | |
| Total Cost of buying (K = 5000 x $30) | $ 1,50,000 |
| Sale value (I = 5000 x $50) | $ 2,50,000 |
| Profit (L = I - K) | $ 1,00,000 |
Profit relation: 'buying' option fetches a profit of $100000 whereas 'making' option fetches only $85000. Our opinion in part b. above is confirmed here. 'Buy' option was more cost effective. Even if we carry out present value analysis @ 6% MARR, our point gets confirmed as below:
Net present value of the profit earned after 'making' 5000' units:
| Year | Fixed Cost | Variable Cost @ $20 | Total sale @ $50 | Net cash flow | PV @ 6% MARR |
| 0 | -200000 | -200000 | -200000 | ||
| 1 | -25000 | -100000 | 250000 | 125000 | 117925 |
| 2 | -25000 | -100000 | 250000 | 125000 | 111250 |
| 3 | -25000 | -100000 | 250000 | 125000 | 104952 |
| 4 | -25000 | -100000 | 250000 | 125000 | 99012 |
| 5 | -25000 | -100000 | 250000 | 125000 | 93407 |
| 326545 |
Net present value of the profit earned after 'buying' 5000' units:
| Year | Cost@ $30 | Sale@ $50 | Net Cash Flow | PV@ 6% MARR |
| 1 | -150000 | 250000 | 100000 | 94340 |
| 2 | -150000 | 250000 | 100000 | 89000 |
| 3 | -150000 | 250000 | 100000 | 83962 |
| 4 | -150000 | 250000 | 100000 | 79209 |
| 5 | -150000 | 250000 | 100000 | 74726 |
| 421236 |
NPV of buying i.e. $ $421236 is more than NPV of making i.e. $326545. Hence even NPV analysis goes in favor of 'buying'.
Part d:
| Year | Profit from Making | Profit from Buying |
| 1 | 85000 | 100000 |
| 2 | 85000 | 100000 |
| 3 | 85000 | 100000 |
| 4 | 85000 | 100000 |
| 5 | 85000 | 100000 |
...
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