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1)A group of researchers has developed a new instrument to assess the degree of destruction noted within decubitus ulcers (pressure ulcers)

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1)A group of researchers has developed a new instrument to assess the degree of destruction noted within decubitus ulcers (pressure ulcers). As part of their study, the researchers are planning to compare the new instrument with instruments currently used within their acute care setting. Which components of the mixed methods strategies need to be considered carefully as the researchers develop the study design?

2)A researcher working within a hospital striving to gain Magnet status wants to study the barriers to use of research at the bedside. For the design of this study, the individual is considering using a mixed methods format. Which pieces of the design should be considered as the researcher prepares the study?

3)You are reading a research report about a long-term care facility. The researcher describes in detail the demographics of the administrators, staff members, and clients. There is a lengthy discussion about how problems are solved in the facility, how various departments communicate, and how the facility values family involvement in client care. Which type of qualitative study does this represent? Support your answer.

4)You are the charge nurse on a medical–surgical floor. After reading several qualitative research reports on pet therapy, you approach your nurse manager about the possibility of implementing a pet therapy program on your floor. Your nurse manager states that no changes should be made based on qualitative research because the sample sizes are always too small. What is your best response?

5)A)Discuss whether the authors use tables and graphs appropriately to represent the data. How could the results reported in the tables be clearer? B)Do the authors draw appropriate conclusions? Are the data over-interpreted, under-interpreted, or appropriately reported in the discussion and conclusion sections?

6) A)Review the demographic characteristics of the samples. Do you agree that the groups were statistically similar? Why or why not? Was each demographic variable reported with the appropriate summary statistic? B)Which inferential test was performed to determine whether the intervention made a difference between groups? Was this the appropriate test to use? Why or why not?

7) A)How do the authors describe the design of this study? Which characteristics of the study lead you to agree or disagree with their description? Describe the blinding method. Which kind of bias does this method control? B)Discuss whether the design is the most appropriate for this research objective.

8) A)How did the authors determine the sample size needed for an adequate test? Did they achieve an adequate sample size? B)Which descriptive data were collected to test the instrument? How did the authors minimize error in this phase of data collection? C)Which elements of reliability were tested? Were these the appropriate tests for the proposed use of this instrument? Why or why not?

9) Clearly identify the variables of interest and write formal operational definitions of each. These definitions can help determine the criteria for inclusion in the study, treatment protocols, and measurement systems. For a qualitative study, explicitly identify the concepts that are of interest to the researcher.

10) A)These authors do not specify a problem statement, or a statement about the gap between what is and what is not known about the problem. From the authors’ introduction and review of the literature, what can you infer is the problem they want to address? B)Are the research questions appropriate to achieve the given purpose of the study?

11) A)Do the authors have the appropriate clinical and educational credentials for this research study? What are the strengths and weaknesses of this research team? B)Is there evidence of any conflict of interest that might introduce bias into the way the study is designed or the way the results are viewed? Do the authors have any potential to realize a financial gain from the results of this study?