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Homework answers / question archive / The series of understandings, or agreements, between France and Britian that led to their alliance in World War 1 Bloodiest and most destructive conflict in history; new balance of power; transformed western civilization; made WWII possible; Alliances= "central powers"-Germany, Austria; Ottoman Empire, "Allies"= Britain, France, Russia; Italy (1915); Canada, Australia, and others; "Napoleonic" approach to war; rapid fire weapons, high explosive, barbed wire, poison gas, flame throwers, tanks-military aircrafts; defense stronger than offense; food shortages; direct attacks on civilians; bombings of cities; propaganda; exhaustion of major participants by 1917: discontent with the armies, shortages at home, Russia: Communist Revolution, failure of peace movements; American sympathy for Britain and France, U-boat campaign, April 1917 American president Woodrow Wilson declares war on central powers, American offensives (summer/fall 1918), German retreat, Austria surrenders later October 1918; starvation and defeat in Germany(ask for peace); Armistice November 11, 1918 (cease fire) 1888-1918; German emperor, unstable and aggressive he was inclined to tactless remarks as when he told the soldiers of a Berlin regiment that they must be prepared to shoot their fathers and mothers if he ordered them to do so; was no more successful at slowing the growth of social democrats than Bismarck; believed expansionism would divert people from further democratization;"blank-check", assurance that Austria-Hungary A Jew, and Captain in the French general staff; found guilty by a secret military court of selling army secrets and condemned to life imprisonment on Devil's Island
The series of understandings, or agreements, between France and Britian that led to their alliance in World War 1
Bloodiest and most destructive conflict in history; new balance of power; transformed western civilization; made WWII possible; Alliances= "central powers"-Germany, Austria; Ottoman Empire, "Allies"= Britain, France, Russia; Italy (1915); Canada, Australia, and others; "Napoleonic" approach to war; rapid fire weapons, high explosive, barbed wire, poison gas, flame throwers, tanks-military aircrafts; defense stronger than offense; food shortages; direct attacks on civilians; bombings of cities; propaganda; exhaustion of major participants by 1917: discontent with the armies, shortages at home, Russia: Communist Revolution, failure of peace movements; American sympathy for Britain and France, U-boat campaign, April 1917 American president Woodrow Wilson declares war on central powers, American offensives (summer/fall 1918), German retreat, Austria surrenders later October 1918; starvation and defeat in Germany(ask for peace); Armistice November 11, 1918 (cease fire)
1888-1918; German emperor, unstable and aggressive he was inclined to tactless remarks as when he told the soldiers of a Berlin regiment that they must be prepared to shoot their fathers and mothers if he ordered them to do so; was no more successful at slowing the growth of social democrats than Bismarck; believed expansionism would divert people from further democratization;"blank-check", assurance that Austria-Hungary
A Jew, and Captain in the French general staff; found guilty by a secret military court of selling army secrets and condemned to life imprisonment on Devil's Island. Evidence soon emerged that pointed to his innocence; the government pardoned him of the crime in 1899 and in 1906 he was finally fully exonerated
Called for minimal troop deployment against Russia while most of the German army would make a rapid invasion of Western France by the way of neutral Belgium; after the planned quick defeat of the French, the German army expected to redeploy to the east against Russia under the plan Germany could not mobilize its troops solely against Russia and therefore declared war on France August 3rd after issuing a ultimatum to Belgium on August 2 demanding the right of German troops to pass through Belgian territory
led by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, were a group of radical socialists who found 'fame' in the first few months after the November Armistice when Germany experienced its so-called 'Revolution'. The Spartacists were named after Spartacus who led a revolt by slaves against the might of the Romans in 73 B.C.; actually founded in the summer of 1915 when both Luxemburg and Liebknecht left the SDP because of the party's support for Germany's participation in the First World War. The political philosophy of the Spartacists was determined by Rosa Luxemburg who wrote the "Junius Pamphlet" whilst serving a prison sentence in Germany.
Alexander III son; adopted his father's conviction that the absolute power of the tsars should be preserved; on July 28 of 1908 he ordered partial mobilization of the Russia army against Austria
In 1917, two revolutions swept through Russia, ending centuries of imperial rule and setting in motion political and social changes that would lead to the formation of the Soviet Union. In March, growing civil unrest, coupled with chronic food shortages, erupted into open revolt, forcing the abdication of Nicholas II (1868-1918), the last Russian czar. Just months later, the newly installed provisional government was itself overthrown by the more radical Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924).
faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split apart from the Menshevik faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903.
American President from 1913-1921; "fourteen points"; proclaimed World War I had been fought to make the world safe for democracy
