Answer:

1.Plato describes the physical world as a "dark place" in which humans can only perceive objects through the senses. Plato referred to these objects as phenomena or weak forms of reality.Hence, the physical world is not a realm where humans can obtain knowledge of true reality.

2. Plato believed that true reality of an object is not found through the senses.

According to Plato, the senses cannot be trusted, and what we perceive through them is just phenomena weak forms of reality. Only through abstract thinking, we can learn the "true essence" of an object.

3. The teacher in the allegory of the cave guided the prisoner from the darkness and into the light (light represents truth); education involves seeing the truth. Plato believed that you have to desire to learn new things, if u do not then you cannot force them to learn.

4.Plato describes the process of acquiring knowledge as the evolution from darkness to the light. In this journey, humans are able to see the essence of truth, they are able to gain an understanding of what is actually real. This process, though painful and distressing, will at the end offer freedom and enlightenment to those who have acquire knowledge.

5. In The Allegory of the Cave, Plato suggests that "happiness" is the final reward for those who "leave the darkness of the cave." Thus, happiness is achieved by gaining an understanding of what is actually real.

6. The "people chained in the cave" are those who knowing no better and having no opportunity to know better, accept phenomena as reality. What they perceive through their senses are interpreted as real.

7.For Plato, education focuses on discovering what the soul already knows. To achieve this, a person should engage in reflection, dialogue, and contemplation to discover the essence of the soul and, by doing so, what the soul knows and desires.

8.Because the philosopher has knowledge, his task is to descend to the cave to help as many people as possible to gain knowledge, or to learn the truth.

9. No It does not. Science involves the pursuit of knowledge of general truths by using observation and systematic experimentation. However, Plato did not think a philosopher should use observation or empirical investigation in order to find truth.

He believed only abstract thinking could lead to true knowledge.

10. The cave represents superficial physical reality. The chains that prevent the prisoners from leaving the cave represent that they are trapped in ignorance, as the chains are stopping them from learning the truth. A lot of people today are ignorant in knowing the truth hence they remain in the same situations without change. If they perceive light and have knowledge then a lot would change for them.