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Homework answers / question archive / What is the function of the goblet cells and bronchial glands? What is the purpose of surfactant? Where does muokinesis occur and what is the process? How are the alveoli protected from disease? How is the bronchial smooth muscle controlled? What is the effect of the parasympathetic innervation of the lung tissue? What are the constricting hormones and drugs of the lung tissue? What is the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the lung tissue? What are the different hormones and drugs that cause broncodilation? What is the process of bronchodilation on the lungs?
combine to produce the gel sol film (mucocilliary blanket)
covers alveoli to create greater stability of alveoli during the nurmerous changes in pressure gradients
in the trachea and bronch
process of moving mucous with the ciliated cells, mucous comes up and induces coughing or is unconsciously swallowd
macrophages migrate to the inner surface and engulf debris and invading substances
through the autonomic nervous system in the actual lung tissue, and the somatic nervous system operatels the diaphragm and rib muscles (skeletal muscles) for breathing
acetylcholine from the vagus nerve stimulates muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, increasing mucosal secretions and the contraction of bronchiol smooth muscles
a1 receptor stimulation, histamine, PGF2a, seratonin, leukotrienes, B2 receptor blockade
epinephrine (from adrenal medulla) stimulates B1 and B2 adrenergic receptors, indcues relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles (bronchodilation)
PGE2, PHI (prostacyclin), muscarinic acetylcholine receptor blockade (many drugs)
sympathetic stimulation --> epinephrine -> B2 receptors -> Adenyl cyclase (ATP -> cAMP (muscle relaxation) -> 5AMP -> adenosine (muscle constrction)