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Please state 3 passive voice sentences in the text below: Rewrite each sentence of the 3 in the active voice

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Please state 3 passive voice sentences in the text below:

Rewrite each sentence of the 3 in the active voice. Also, provide explanation. 

 

Pilot of an Active Transportation Tracking System for Elementary School Children

Authors: Karen Scott and the School Health Team, KFL&A Public Health

Background 

The long term goal of the Kingston, Frontenac, and Lennox & Addington (KFL&A) Public Health School Health Team's active transportation strategy is to increase the number of individuals who routinely use active transportation as a part of their daily lives.

The short-term objectives are: (1) to increase awareness of the health, safety, and environmental benefits of active transportation among students, families and school staff in KFL&A, and (2) the number of individuals using active transportation to get to and from school.

The School Health Team has encouraged active transportation through initiatives such as installing bike racks and promotion of the Walking School Bus, in which small groups of children from the same neighborhood walk to school with an adult chaper  

The Purpose of this project 

The purpose of this project was to develop and pilot a method of tracking elementary student's transportation mode to school. The pilot was designed to answer these questions: Does this tracking method produce usable data? Is this method feasible for the school? Is this method feasible for KFL&A Public Health? In order to monitor progress towards the short term objectives and ultimately the long term goal, a suitable indicator had to be identified by the School Health team. The most obvious indicator is to measure whether there is a change in the number of students using active transportation over time.

Methods

The proposal for this pilot was reviewed by the Queen's University Research and Ethics Board and was approved with requested changes on October 18, 2012. Once approved the proposal was forwarded to the Limest District School Board (LDSB) for their review.

Cataraqui Woods Elementary School was asked to be the pilot school for this project as it is a 'walkable' school (i.e. most of the students live within walking distance) and the administration expressed interest in promoting active transportation. Catarqui Woods Elementary School has a student population of approximately 450 students and teaches junior kindergarten to grade 8 students.

The public health nurse assigned to Cataraqui Woods discussed the project with the vice-principal (VP) of the school. A procedure that would work efficiently for the school was devised by the VP. One class from each of grades 3 to 6 was selected by the VP to be monitored for their mode of transportation to school. The VP selected the best weeks in the school schedule to collect the data and recruited four upper year students (grade 7) to collect the data. 

Upper-year students were trained in the procedure of collecting the information from children in the classrooms. Two upper-year students attended each class during first period after lunch, as this was deemed the most convenient time in the school's schedule. One upper year student asked each child how they had arrived at school that morning and the other student recorded the response on the tracking sheet. Modes of transportation included: walked / Walking school bus, walked part way, cycled, used other active transportation (e.g., scooter, skateboard, roller blades), driven by parent/guardian, and bussed. For ease of recording, the students were provided with short-form codes for each mode of transportation (e.g., D for "driven"). Each child's mode of transportation was to be collected for one week (5 days) in December 2012, February 2013, April 2013, and June 2013. 

The weather (e.g., temperature, precipitation) was to be recorded by the students during the weeks of data collection since it can have a major impact on mode of transportation. Other significant community events were to be recorded that could have an impact on transportation to the school (e.g., construction, field trips, track & field day, assemblies).

The tracking sheets were kept at the school in a secure location until the end of the project, at which time they were shredded. The public health nurse and a KFL&A research associate visited the school after each tracking week in order to enter the collected data into a computer spreadsheet. The spreadsheet was stored on a USB memory stick in a secure location on school property.

How We Ensured Confidentiality

The tracking sheets contained students' names but no other identifying information. Between collection times, all tracking sheets were kept in the VPs office to maintain confidentiality. On completion of the tracking, data was transferred into an Excel spreadsheet and stored on a USB memory stick. All student names were changed to an identification number. The hard copy tracking sheets were shredded at the end of the project.

Findings

There was excellent cooperation from the administration at Cataraqui Woods Elementary School. The administration was able to recruit four senior students to conduct the data collection. These students were enthusiastic and appeared to appreciate the leadership opportunity. The students were responsible for collecting the transportation mode from each child in four classrooms. These four classes were a Grade 3, Grade 4, Grade 4/5 split, and a Grade 5/6 split. Table 1 outlines the tasks taken on by KFL&A Public Health and Cataraqui Woods in order for this project to proceed in a well-organized fashion.