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Jason Xu COMM 515 Professor Ryan 4/30/2021 Outline I

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Jason Xu COMM 515 Professor Ryan 4/30/2021 Outline I. Attention Getter: “The quality of communication among family members contributes to the quality of a parent-child relationship, which in turn predicts children's wellbeing,” (Bireda & Pillay 2018) yet 10% of children and young people (aged 5-16 years) have a clinically diagnosable mental problem. • Open parent communication, poor parent communication, cyberbullying • What are the functions of parent-child communication, the implication of open and problematic parent-child communication to Cyberbullying? A. Main point #1: Parent-child communication importance B. Main Point #2: Parent-child communication and child well being C. Main Point #3: Parent-child communication and cyberbullying D. Thesis: Family communication problems plays a fundamental role in parent-child communication and consequently the wellbeing of the child. II. The function and importance of parent-child communication A. Socialization • Parent-child communication plays a fundamental role in children's socialization. (Jang & Kim, 2012). • Socialization happens through communicative processes in which parents share information, express their feelings, and convey their thoughts and attitudes to their children. (Jang & Kim, 2012). B. Social support • Social support occurs through responsiveness to children's needs and, more specifically, as acts that communicate caring. (Horstman et al., 2016) III. Poor parent-child communication has significant negative impacts on the mental and social wellbeing of a child. A. Open parent-child communication as a protective factor • Open parent-child communication is a significant protective factor for adolescents faced with risks of psychological and behavioral problems. (Bireda & Pillay 2018). • According to Duncan et al., 2012 open communication establishes and maintains relationships between parents and children, and this is achieved through the use of appropriate vocabulary and mutual communication. B. Poor parent-child communication has adverse negative impacts on children and adolescents. • Psychological distress is related to problematic parent-child communication manifested in substance abuse, depression, anxiety, risky sexual behaviors, and others C. Open parent-child communication and poor parent-child communication influence children's wellbeing differently • Jang & Kim, 2012found that adolescents who engaged in open and effective communication with their parents possess higher self-efficacy, which positively influences their social, communication, and interaction skills. • Various studies have researched the associations between parent-child communication and children's wellbeing in association to substance use behavior, risky sexual behavior, depression, academic success, among others. IV. Implications of parent-child communication on online communications. A. Parent-child communication a protective factor against cyberbullying • “It has been observed that open family communication strengthens the child–parent relationship, which serves as a protective factor against cyberbullying, whereas cyberoffenders and cyber victims have the perception that communication with their parents is more problematic” (Romero-Abrio, et, 2019). B. Problematic parent-child communication a risk factor for cyberbullying • Belga, Martínez–Ferrer, & Cava, 2017, found that negative communication patterns with their parents were a factor presented by cyberbullies. C. Improving problematic parent-child communication helps to reduce the risk of cyberbullying • Parent openness and social support encourage mutual communication fostering positive communication abilities significant in online communication. (Jang & Kim, 2012) V. Parent-child communication influences the wellbeing of children and adolescents as a risk factor to cyberbullying. A. Parent-child communication is fundamental to socialization and social support B. Parent-child communication influences child wellbeing and adjustment C. Parent-child communication a risk factor to cyberbullying D. How has the parent relationship influenced the increased hours spent on social media during the quarantine period? Work Cited Bireda, A. D., & Pillay, J. (2018). Perceived parent–child communication and wellbeing among Ethiopian adolescents. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 23(1), 109117.Horstman, H. K., Hays, A., & Maliski, R. (2016). Parent–child interaction. In Oxford research encyclopedia of communication. Buelga, S., Martínez–Ferrer, B., & Cava, M. J. (2017). Differences in family climate and family communication among cyberbullies, cyber victims, and cyber bully-victims in adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, 76, 164-173. Jang, J. Y., & Kim, Y. C. (2012). The effects of parent-child communication patterns on children's interactive communication in online communities: focusing on social self-efficacy and unwillingness to communicate as mediating factors. Asian Journal of Communication, 22(5), 493505. Romero-Abrio, A., Martínez-Ferrer, B., Musitu-Ferrer, D., León-Moreno, C., VillarrealGonzález, M. E., & Callejas-Jerónimo, J. E. (2019). Family Communication Problems, Psychosocial Adjustment and Cyberbullying. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(13), 2417. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16132417 Runcan, P. L., Constantineanu, C., Ielics, B., & Popa, D. (2012). The role of communication in the parent-child interaction. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 904908. Jason Xu COMM 515 Professor Ryan 4/22/2021 First Step: You want to include your citation in APA format Romero-Abrio, A., Martínez-Ferrer, B., Musitu-Ferrer, D., León-Moreno, C., VillarrealGonzález, M. E., & Callejas-Jerónimo, J. E. (2019). Family Communication Problems, Psychosocial Adjustment and Cyberbullying. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(13), 2417. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16132417 Second Step: Write a summary of the article 150-200 words The study concentrates on child-parent communication as an essential human component of family functioning. The author analyzes the different cyberbullying and family communication problems shared regarding the various psychosocial adjustment sites in adolescents. The authors found out that there is a direct relationship between child-parent communication and cyberbullying. The authors’ results match with previous studies published by other authors. The authors found out that the communication problems between children and their parents result from children's engagement in delinquent behaviors and social norms. Adolescents who are afraid to share their emotions lead to defiant and transgressive behaviors or reactions towards their parents. Findings show the direct relationship between psychological distress and a positive attitude to cyberbullying. Also, it is evident from the study that the amount of time spent on social platforms leads to the rise of cyberbullying cases. Third Step: The Focus (Main points) of the article. The following are the main points in the article: ? There is a direct relationship between Family communication problems and cyberbullying. ? There is an indirect relationship between family communication problems and cyberbullying through a positive attitude towards social norms and psychological distress. ? There is a positive relationship between a positive attitude towards social norms, psychological distress, and cyberbullying. ? There are gender differences in all the relationships above. Fourth Step: Key Words and definitions. ? Cyberbullying – is the aggressiveness of an individual against a victim over time through technological media. ? Family communication – is the existence of a parent-child relationship in a family setting. ? Psychological distress – refers to the unpleasant emotions and feelings experienced during depression or anxiety state. It leads to impaired psychological functioning of the body. ? Attitude towards institutional authority – is the exhibition of complex emotions towards institutions such as schools or colleges. ? Problematic use of social networking sites (PUSNS) – is the misuse of social networking platforms. Step Five: Rationale (why the author conducted the study/ wrote the article). The study's main aim is to find the relationship between cyberbullying and family communication problems regarding adjustments such as attitude towards institutional authority, psychological distress, Step Six: Participants and methods used in the study. 8053 adolescents were involved. The participants were from 118 educational centers (urban with 62 while 56 from rural) where 51.5% boys and girls. The age group was 12-16years, where 53.7% represented adolescents between age 12-13years while 46.3% were 14-16 years. Method: The method used for scale or subscale data was multiple linear regression imputation and multivariate analysis for univariate data. Step Seven: Findings and Theories. The authors found out significant positive relationships among family communication problems and positive attitude towards social norms through Problematic Use of Social Networking Sites (PUSNS). Step Eight: Quotes and uses. Helpful Quote -“Communication problems seem to be an important source of psychological distress, and are expressed in the form of higher levels of PUSNS and cyberbullying.” Use –This study highlights how family communication problems affect psychological distress and cyberbullying. I will use this quote to educate the general public about family communication problems which lead to psychological distress. Also, I will use this quote to caution parents about the effects of cyberbullying and spending too much time on social media. The parents should monitor the online social media activities of their adolescents to protect the adolescents from cybercrimes and the related activities. COMMUNICATION 1 Jason Xu COMM 515 Professor Ryan 5/4/2021 First Step: You want to include your citation in APA format Buelga, S., Martínez–Ferrer, B., & Cava, M. J. (2017). Differences in family climate and family communication among cyberbullies, cyber victims, and cyber bully-victims in adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, 76, 164-173. Second Step: Write a summary of the article 150-200 words The article presents a thorough study on the analysis of family climate and differences in communication between parents and adolescents concerning cyber-bullying. The authors endeavor to expound on what they term the four foundational roles of cyberbullying in families. That includes cyber-victims, cyberbully-victims, non-involved adolescents, and cyberbullies. The study is founded on two vital objectives. First, analysis of the conflicts in a family and the insights of communication between parents in association with the four activities that influence the sexuality of the adolescents. Secondly, to establish the substantiality of these roles and variables in cyberbullying. In the methodology, the authors applied instrument batteries to 1062 adolescents ranging from 12 to 18 years. Their results indicated that the adolescents with high cyber-bullying profiles have a low quality of family communication and climate. Further, cyberbullies were a result of family conflicts and poor communication patterns from parents. The authors conclude that family climate is a massive contributor to cyberbullying and victimization. Third Step: The Focus (Main points) of the article. COMMUNICATION 2 The article’s main points are: ? Conflicts and cohesion in families contribute significantly to cyberbullying. ? There is a direct association between non-open communication with mothers and cybervictim. ? There is a direct association between cyber-victim and avoidance of communication between adolescents and their fathers. ? Family climate influences the four variables and impacts of cyberbullying on cybervictimization. ? Low-quality family climate is directly associated with low-income family communication. Fourth Step: Key Words and definitions. Family climate – these are the physical and social tasks for children and family members that help them to develop their cognitive, intellectual, and social capabilities. Parent-child communication – the open, candid, and effective communication between parents and their children for enhancement of their relationship and the entire family members. Cyberbullying – bullying that prevails through the digital platforms, where people participate through calling, texting, or application. Adolescence – a developmental and transitional step of growth between youthhood to adulthood. Step Five: Rationale (why the author conducted the study/ wrote the article). COMMUNICATION 3 The study's purpose on establishing the differences and associations between family communication patterns, climate, and cyberbullying among adolescents in relation to cybervictims, cyberbully-victims, non-involved adolescents, and cyberbullies. Step Six: Participants and methods used in the study. The study involved instrument batteries for 1062 adolescents. All participants were drawn from using random clusters of sampling in the semi-public and public schools in the Valencian region, Spain. Out of the province’s 17 counties, one private and three public secondary schools were involved. The study covers adolescents of ages 12 to 18. Sampling was the primary method for data collection using randomized clusters. Step Seven: Findings and Theories. The study concludes that there is a correlation between cyber-victimization, cyberbullying, parent-child communication, and family climate. These differences are built on the Several Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) involving adolescents in cyberbullying. Step Eight: Quotes and uses. Helpful Quote – “To teach our kids what they need to know online, we have to talk to them offline." Use – the authors in the study outline how the lack of communication from mothers to children and the avoidance of the fathers leads to miscommunication in digital platforms. Also, the family climate greatly influences the cognition, intellect, and development of the children and how to respond to social issues. This Quote is advice to all parents that they should teach them on a oneon-one talk or communication to react correctly to digital topics on social media. Parent-child COMMUNICATION communication is essential for the enhancement and correction of their behavior and relationships with the outside world.