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Homework answers / question archive / 202110 - SOCY-100-10184 Midterm Exam Question 1 3

202110 - SOCY-100-10184 Midterm Exam Question 1 3

Sociology

202110 - SOCY-100-10184 Midterm Exam

  • Question 1

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    The framework of __________ is that society is composed of groups of people competing for scarce resources.

    Answers:

    symbolic interactionism

     

    structural functionalism

      social conflict theory
     

    Verstehen

  • Question 2

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    Which of the following is not a characteristic of conflict theory?

    Answers: focus is on social interaction and meanings of objects and people
     

    analysis is on the competition between groups of people

     

    ideas originated with Karl Marx

     

    emphasis is on inequality across race/ethnicity, gender, and social class

  • Question 3

       
     

    Which of the following sociological theories best explains this statement: "Industrialization changed the meaning of marriage, which has led to a cultural acceptance of divorce and cohabitation."

    Answers: symbolic interactionism
     

    structural functionalism

     

    social conflict theory

     

    Verstehen

  • Question 4

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    The ability to understand the relationship between what is happening in people's personal lives and their social environment is called __________, a term coined by __________.

    Answers: sociological imagination; C. Wright Mills
     

    sociological imagination; Auguste Comte

     

    collective conscience; Emile Durkheim

     

    collective conscience; Karl Marx

  • Question 5

       
     

    One of Harriet Martineau's contributions to sociology was __________.

    Answers: the idea that social justice for women must be ensured in order for a society to evolve
     

    the belief that social facts largely shape human behavior

     

    the perspective that capitalism is the root of evil in society

     

    the notion that African Americans experience a double consciousness in which they are never free from social stigma

  • Question 6

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    Max Weber suggested that in order to understand human behavior, we should use __________, which is defined as the ability to place oneself in other people's situations.

    Answers: Verstehen
     

    sociological imagination

     

    formal rationality

     

    anomie

  • Question 7

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    Which of the following is not considered a type of norm?

    Answers:

    Mores

      Beliefs
     

    Folkways

     

    Laws

  • Question 8

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    Cultural representations of social realities are referred to as:

    Answers:

    Images

      Symbols
     

    Trademarks

     

    Ethnographies

  • Question 9

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    The worldview whereby we judge other cultures by the standards of our own is referred to as:

    Answers:

    Patriotism

     

    Nationalism

      Ethnocentrism
     

    Multiculturalism

  • Question 10

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    The way class status is reproduced from generation to generation is referred to as:

    Answers:

    Socio-political reproduction

      Social class reproduction
     

    Culture of poverty

     

    Class regeneration

  • Question 11

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    Commitment to respecting cultural differences rather than submerging them into a larger, dominant culture is referred to as:

    Answers: Multiculturalism
     

    Cultural relativism

     

    Ethnocentrism

     

    Tolerance

  • Question 12

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    Which of the following statements does not reflect a conflict perspective on globalization?

    Answers:

    The spread of fast-food chain puts locally owned, independent restaurants out of business.

     

    The spread of corporations disconnects people from owning their own means of production.

     

    Unique, indigenous cultures become devalued and risk extinction.

      The spread of large corporations promotes stability and integration as people share similar working conditions.
  • Question 13

       
     

    Which of the following is a characteristic of the mass media? 

    Answers:

    Used solely for private communication

     

    Must come from a trustworthy source

     

    Highly accessible by every single person in cultures throughout the world

      Intended to reach and influence a wide audience
  • Question 14

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    An agent of socialization is a(n) __________.

    Answers: group of people who influence or shape one's self-concept, attitudes, and behaviors
     

    expectation to behave in socially appropriate ways

     

    process of learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors

     

    ritual in which the goal is to strip one's old identity and replace it with a new identity

  • Question 15

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    The nature-nurture debate consists of the argument that __________.

    Answers:

    it is natural to negatively judge other cultures as inferior

     

    genetic predispositions are the only factors of human development

      genes and the social environment play a role in human development
     

    feral children have no ability to communicate like humans

  • Question 16

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    A total institution is defined as a(n) __________.

    Answers:

    expectation to think and behave in socially appropriate ways

     

    ritual in which the goal is to strip one's old identity and replace it with a new identity

     

    process of learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors

      place in which one is cut off from society and is under complete control of the officials in charge
  • Question 17

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    Prisons, mental institutions, and boarding schools are examples of __________ because participants are isolated from the rest of society and under complete control of the officials in charge.

    Answers:

    hidden curricula

      total institutions
     

    life course stages

     

    anticipatory socialization

  • Question 18

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    What is the sociological significance of Charles Horton Cooley's concept of the looking glass self?

    Answers:

    We adapt our behavior in response to social rewards and punishments.

     

    Our ability to make logical decisions increases as we grow older.

     

    We develop a sense of self by taking on the role of others in interaction.

     

    Our self-image results from our interpretation of other people's views on us.

  •    
     

    CEOs of major corporations tend to keep their offices on a separate floor away from the other employees as a way to demonstrate their power and status.  According to Erving Goffman, CEOs tend to engage in __________.

    Answers:

    impression management

      mystification
     

    misrepresentation

     

    social learning

  • Question 20

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    The process of gathering empirical (scientific and specific) data, creating theories, and rigorously testing theories is known as:

    Answers:

    Sociological method

      Scientific method
     

    Data collection

     

    Theoretical reasoning

  • Question 21

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    Which of the following is not a characteristic of a good scientific theory?

    Answers:

    Logically consistent

     

    It can be disproven or falsified

      It is not testable
     

    There is possibility for revision

  • Question 22

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    A researcher finds that as years spent driving increases, the number of accidents decreases. This is an example of:

    Answers:

    Negative causation

      Negative correlation
     

    Positive correlation

     

    Decreasing relationship

  • Question 23

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    A researcher finds that as income increases, square footage of respondent’s home also increases. This is an example of:

    Answers: Positive correlation
     

    Positive causation

     

    Negative correlation

     

    Increasatory relationship

  • Question 24

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    A _____ refers to a relatively small number of people selected to represent a _____, which is the entire group of interest.

    Answers:

    sect; population

     

    population; sample

     

    respondent list; population list

      sample; population
  • Question 25

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    A major think tank wants to publish a report comparing men’s and women’s attitudes toward increasing the federal minimum wage. Which of the following would be the most appropriate research method?

    Answers: Large-scale survey of 2,500 men and women
     

    In-depth interviews of 50 men and women

     

    Ethnographic study of minimum wage workers

     

    Analysis of congressional debate on increasing the minimum wage

  • Question 26

       
     

    Which of the following is not true of groups?

    Answers:

    Their members identify with one another.

     

    People may measure their conduct against them.

     

    They may impose conformity on members.

      Members never seek to exclude nonmembers.
  • Question 27

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    The members of a sociology class form what type of group?

    Answers:

    primary group

      secondary group
     

    social category

     

    aggregate

  • Question 28

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    Martin Luther King, Jr. was able to mobilize large groups of people and change the way a nation thought about race relations.  He was able to make such a difference because of his:

    Answers: personal power.
     

    positional power.

     

    persuasive authority.

     

    legal-rational authority.

  • Question 29

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    In Stanley Milgram’s teacher-learner experiment, the subjects continued to administer the electric shocks because:

    Answers:

    they were chosen because of their sadistic tendencies.

     

    they knew the learner was not really receiving any shocks.

      they were told to do so by a person in authority.
     

    they didn’t.  As soon as they heard the learner shout in pain once, almost all participants stopped administering the shocks.

  • Question 30

    3.33 out of 3.33 points

       
    Correct

    The inevitable tendency for large-scale bureaucratic organizations to become ruled undemocratically by a handful of people is referred to as the:

    Answers:

    Ideal bureaucracy.

     

    Coercive organization.

      Iron law of oligarchy.
     

    First law of bureaucracy.
     

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