202110 - SOCY-100-10184 Midterm Exam Question 1 3

202110 - SOCY-100-10184 Midterm Exam

• Question 1

  3.33 out of 3.33 points

  	The framework of __________ is that society is composed of groups of people competing for scarce resources.
  	Answers: symbolic interactionism   structural functionalism   social conflict theory   Verstehen

• Question 2

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  	Which of the following is not a characteristic of conflict theory?
  	Answers: focus is on social interaction and meanings of objects and people   analysis is on the competition between groups of people   ideas originated with Karl Marx   emphasis is on inequality across race/ethnicity, gender, and social class

• Question 3

  	Which of the following sociological theories best explains this statement: "Industrialization changed the meaning of marriage, which has led to a cultural acceptance of divorce and cohabitation."
  	Answers: symbolic interactionism   structural functionalism   social conflict theory   Verstehen

• Question 4

  3.33 out of 3.33 points

  	The ability to understand the relationship between what is happening in people's personal lives and their social environment is called __________, a term coined by __________.
  	Answers: sociological imagination; C. Wright Mills   sociological imagination; Auguste Comte   collective conscience; Emile Durkheim   collective conscience; Karl Marx

• Question 5

  	One of Harriet Martineau's contributions to sociology was __________.
  	Answers: the idea that social justice for women must be ensured in order for a society to evolve   the belief that social facts largely shape human behavior   the perspective that capitalism is the root of evil in society   the notion that African Americans experience a double consciousness in which they are never free from social stigma

• Question 6

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  	Max Weber suggested that in order to understand human behavior, we should use __________, which is defined as the ability to place oneself in other people's situations.
  	Answers: Verstehen   sociological imagination   formal rationality   anomie

• Question 7

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  	Which of the following is not considered a type of norm?
  	Answers: Mores   Beliefs   Folkways   Laws

• Question 8

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  	Cultural representations of social realities are referred to as:
  	Answers: Images   Symbols   Trademarks   Ethnographies

• Question 9

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  	The worldview whereby we judge other cultures by the standards of our own is referred to as:
  	Answers: Patriotism   Nationalism   Ethnocentrism   Multiculturalism

• Question 10

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  	The way class status is reproduced from generation to generation is referred to as:
  	Answers: Socio-political reproduction   Social class reproduction   Culture of poverty   Class regeneration

• Question 11

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  	Commitment to respecting cultural differences rather than submerging them into a larger, dominant culture is referred to as:
  	Answers: Multiculturalism   Cultural relativism   Ethnocentrism   Tolerance

• Question 12

  3.33 out of 3.33 points

  	Which of the following statements does not reflect a conflict perspective on globalization?
  	Answers: The spread of fast-food chain puts locally owned, independent restaurants out of business.   The spread of corporations disconnects people from owning their own means of production.   Unique, indigenous cultures become devalued and risk extinction.   The spread of large corporations promotes stability and integration as people share similar working conditions.

• Question 13

  	Which of the following is a characteristic of the mass media?
  	Answers: Used solely for private communication   Must come from a trustworthy source   Highly accessible by every single person in cultures throughout the world   Intended to reach and influence a wide audience

• Question 14

  3.33 out of 3.33 points

  	An agent of socialization is a(n) __________.
  	Answers: group of people who influence or shape one's self-concept, attitudes, and behaviors   expectation to behave in socially appropriate ways   process of learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors   ritual in which the goal is to strip one's old identity and replace it with a new identity

• Question 15

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  	The nature-nurture debate consists of the argument that __________.
  	Answers: it is natural to negatively judge other cultures as inferior   genetic predispositions are the only factors of human development   genes and the social environment play a role in human development   feral children have no ability to communicate like humans

• Question 16

  3.33 out of 3.33 points

  	A total institution is defined as a(n) __________.
  	Answers: expectation to think and behave in socially appropriate ways   ritual in which the goal is to strip one's old identity and replace it with a new identity   process of learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors   place in which one is cut off from society and is under complete control of the officials in charge

• Question 17

  3.33 out of 3.33 points

  	Prisons, mental institutions, and boarding schools are examples of __________ because participants are isolated from the rest of society and under complete control of the officials in charge.
  	Answers: hidden curricula   total institutions   life course stages   anticipatory socialization

• Question 18

  3.33 out of 3.33 points

  	What is the sociological significance of Charles Horton Cooley's concept of the looking glass self?
  	Answers: We adapt our behavior in response to social rewards and punishments.   Our ability to make logical decisions increases as we grow older.   We develop a sense of self by taking on the role of others in interaction.   Our self-image results from our interpretation of other people's views on us.

• 	CEOs of major corporations tend to keep their offices on a separate floor away from the other employees as a way to demonstrate their power and status.  According to Erving Goffman, CEOs tend to engage in __________.
  	Answers: impression management   mystification   misrepresentation   social learning

• Question 20

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  	The process of gathering empirical (scientific and specific) data, creating theories, and rigorously testing theories is known as:
  	Answers: Sociological method   Scientific method   Data collection   Theoretical reasoning

• Question 21

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  	Which of the following is not a characteristic of a good scientific theory?
  	Answers: Logically consistent   It can be disproven or falsified   It is not testable   There is possibility for revision

• Question 22

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  	A researcher finds that as years spent driving increases, the number of accidents decreases. This is an example of:
  	Answers: Negative causation   Negative correlation   Positive correlation   Decreasing relationship

• Question 23

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  	A researcher finds that as income increases, square footage of respondent’s home also increases. This is an example of:
  	Answers: Positive correlation   Positive causation   Negative correlation   Increasatory relationship

• Question 24

  3.33 out of 3.33 points

  	A _____ refers to a relatively small number of people selected to represent a _____, which is the entire group of interest.
  	Answers: sect; population   population; sample   respondent list; population list   sample; population

• Question 25

  3.33 out of 3.33 points

  	A major think tank wants to publish a report comparing men’s and women’s attitudes toward increasing the federal minimum wage. Which of the following would be the most appropriate research method?
  	Answers: Large-scale survey of 2,500 men and women   In-depth interviews of 50 men and women   Ethnographic study of minimum wage workers   Analysis of congressional debate on increasing the minimum wage

• Question 26

  	Which of the following is not true of groups?
  	Answers: Their members identify with one another.   People may measure their conduct against them.   They may impose conformity on members.   Members never seek to exclude nonmembers.

• Question 27

  3.33 out of 3.33 points

  	The members of a sociology class form what type of group?
  	Answers: primary group   secondary group   social category   aggregate

• Question 28

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  	Martin Luther King, Jr. was able to mobilize large groups of people and change the way a nation thought about race relations.  He was able to make such a difference because of his:
  	Answers: personal power.   positional power.   persuasive authority.   legal-rational authority.

• Question 29

  3.33 out of 3.33 points

  	In Stanley Milgram’s teacher-learner experiment, the subjects continued to administer the electric shocks because:
  	Answers: they were chosen because of their sadistic tendencies.   they knew the learner was not really receiving any shocks.   they were told to do so by a person in authority.   they didn’t.  As soon as they heard the learner shout in pain once, almost all participants stopped administering the shocks.

• Question 30

  3.33 out of 3.33 points

  	The inevitable tendency for large-scale bureaucratic organizations to become ruled undemocratically by a handful of people is referred to as the:
  	Answers: Ideal bureaucracy.   Coercive organization.   Iron law of oligarchy.   First law of bureaucracy.