American Military University SPHE 295 Quiz-2 Question 1 1)Gallstones are formed mainly from A

American Military University

SPHE 295 Quiz-2

Question 1

1)Gallstones are formed mainly from

A.            pancreatic secretions.

B.            cholesterol.

C.            phospholipids.

D.            minerals.

Question 2

The villi found in the gastrointestinal tract

A.            are finger-like projections into the lumen of the small intestine.

B.            are covered with the brush border (microvilli).

C.            contain cells that produce mucus, hormones, and enzymes.

D.            produce a large surface area for nutrient absorption.

E.            All of these choices are correct. Answer Key: E

Question 3

Which substances can be absorbed in the small intestine?

A.            glucose, minerals, amino acids, vitamins, alcohol

B.            sucrose, lactose, fats, alcohol, protein

C.            starch, fats, glucose, protein, alcohol

D.            glucose, fructose, sucrose, alcohol, protein

Question 4

The        layer of the GI tract wall contains glands, blood vessels, and nerves.

A.            muscle

B.            serosa

C.            villa

D.            submucosa

Question 5

The small intestine is divided into three segments. List them in descending order.

A.            Ileum, jejunum, duodenum

B.            Jejunum, ileum, duodenum

C.            Duodenum, ileum, jejunum

D.            Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Question 6

Segmentation as a function of the GI tract involves

A.            peristalsis to move the food along the GI tract.

B.            back and forth contractions that break apart the food mass.

C.            conscious effort.

D.            enzyme input to break apart the food mass.

Question 7

In the process of swallowing, food cannot normally enter the trachea because the

A.            tongue directs the flow of food down the esophagus and away from the trachea.

B.            esophageal sphincter shuts off the passage to the larynx.

C.            epiglottis covers the larynx.

D.            trachea does not connect to the esophagus.

Question 8

Functions of the large intestine include

A.            housing bacterial flora that keep the GI tract healthy.

B.            absorption of water and electrolytes, especially sodium and potassium.

C.            the defecation of feces.

D.            All of these responses are correct.

Question 9

The smallest functional unit of the human body is the

A.            organ.

B.            organ system.

C.            cell.

D.            epithelial tissue.

Question 10

A circular muscle that can open and close and acts to regulate the flow of materials in one direction is referred to as

A.            enterohepatic circulation.

B.            a sphincter.

C.            a pump.

D.            peristalsis.

Question 11

The gastric secretion, pepsin, is necessary for

A.            preventing peptic ulcer formation.

B.            protein digestion.

C.            vitamin B-12 absorption.

D.            destruction of harmful bacteria and viruses.

Question 12

Not eating or drinking anything at all is the best way to treat diarrhea in adults and children.

A.            True

B.            False

Question 13

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is caused by bacterial pathogens.

A.            True

B.            False

Question 14

The best type of fiber to eat for reducing constipation is

A.            glycogen.

B.            crude fiber.

C.            soluble fiber.

D.            insoluble fiber.

Question 15  Ketosis may result from

A.            starvation.

B.            a diet of less than 50-100 grams of carbohydrate per day.

C.            untreated diabetes mellitus.

D.            All of these choices are correct.

Question 16

Which condition is NOT usually associated with type 2 diabetes?

A.            Autoimmune destruction of beta cells of the pancreas

B.            Hyperglycemia

C.            Age of onset usually over 40

D.            Obesity

Question 17

An example of an oligosaccharide is

A.            maltose.

B.            raffinose.

C.            galactose.

D.            glycogen.

Question 18

Usual symptoms of diabetes mellitus include

A.            weight change.

B.            excessive thirst and urination.

C.            blurred vision.

D.            All of these choices are correct.

Question 19

While    suppresses gluconeogenesis,     increases glycogen breakdown.

A.            glucagon; insulin

B.            insulin; glucagon

C.            insulin; glucose

D.            cortisol; glucagon

Question 20

The AI for fiber for women is

A.            15 g/day.

B.            25 g/day.

C.            38 g/day.

D.            45 g/day.

Question 21

The energy value of dietary carbohydrates is      kcal per gram.

A.            4

B.            7

C.            9

D.            15

Question 22

According the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine, consumers should limit their intake of added sugars to              percent of total energy.

A.            0

B.            6

C.            10

D.            25

Question 23

The RDA for carbohydrate intake is 300 g/day.

A.            True

B.            False

Question 24

Indigestible carbohydrates play a role in promoting bowel health and preventing obesity.

A.            True

B.            False

Question 25

Sucrose is made up of glucose + glucose.

A.            True

B.            False