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The table below shows some hypothetical data on the costs associated with the use of a liter of gasoline in a European country
The table below shows some hypothetical data on the costs associated with the use of a liter of gasoline in a European country. Refining, distributing, and selling of gasoline all take place within this European country.
| cost of import oil | .5 |
| cost to refine the oil to gasoline | 1 |
| cost to distribute and sales | .75 |
| GOV taxes on the oil | 2.5 |
| cost of pollution from one liter of gas | 2 |
1. In euros, what is the private cost for an individual of a liter of gasoline in Europe?
2. What is the social cost, in euros, of a liter of gasoline?
Expert Solution
1) The private costs to a buyer of gasoline in a competitive market would be the first four line items. That is: 05. + 1 + .75 + 2.5 = 4.75 euros per liter. That is the price a customer at the gas pump would pay for each liter of gasoline.
2) The social costs would be 2 euros. That represents 2 euros worth of pollution that all members of society bear whether they themselves purchased the gasoline or not.
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