1) What is the central dogma of molecular biology? What do the arrows represent and how do replication, transcription, and translation conform to the central dogma? What is semi-conservative replication? How does it function in DNA replication and transcription?  What would the mechanism of conservative replication look like? What is DNA polymerase? Explain the roles of its various components in DNA replication

1) What is the central dogma of molecular biology? What do the arrows represent and how do replication, transcription, and translation conform to the central dogma?

1. What is semi-conservative replication? How does it function in DNA replication and transcription?  What would the mechanism of conservative replication look like?
2. What is DNA polymerase? Explain the roles of its various components in DNA replication.
3. What are the three types of RNA molecules involved in translation? What roles do each of them play in this process?
4. What is RNA polymerase? Explain its role in transcription. How is RNA polymerase similar to and different from DNA polymerase?
5. How is transcription initiated and terminated? What is the importance of the promoter consensus sequence?  How and why do consensus sequences differ from one another?
6. How are mRNAs modified in eukaryotes?  What types of elements are sometimes present in RNA's  but usually not in DNA's?
7. What is the genetic code? What are the properties of the triplet codons?  What does it mean that the code is redundant and what useful purpose does such redundancy serve?
8. Consider the need for accuracy in the flow of information from DNA to RNA to functional protein molecules.  What are the different levels of stringency in replication, transcription and translation?  What kinds of mechanism improve the accuracy of these processes?
9. What is the definition of DNA replication?  What is the template, and what is the product?  What is the energy source for replication?  What is the other product of replication in addition to additional nucleotide unit on the growing DNA chain?