Covalent C?C and C?H bonds have bond strengths that are approximately ____ times higher than those of H-bonds

1. Covalent C?C and C?H bonds have bond strengths that are approximately ____ times higher than those of H-bonds.

20

2. Ice

- is a crystal of water molecules packed in an open structure stabilized by hydrogen bonds
- is less dense than liquid water
- contains 15% more hydrogen bonds then water

3. In a hydrogen bond between a water molecule and another biomolecule

the hydrogen bond will typically form between a hydrogen atom of the water molecule and either a nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atom of the other molecule.

4. Methanol can act both as a H-bond donor and as a H-bond acceptor. What is the maximal number of H-bonds a single molecule of methanol can form with surrounding water molecules.

3

5. Hydrogen bonds within liquid water

dipole-dipole interactions

6. The strongest noncovalent interactions are

ionic interactions

7. interactions in order of increasing strength (start with the weakest interaction).

London dispersion forces, hydrogen bonds, ionic interactions, covalent bonds