The Alliance of Builders of Islamic Iran; alliance of conservative parties and is shortened to Abadgaran; sponsored by Ahmadinejad, who won the presidential election in 2009 the principle that gives senior clergy broad authority over the unfortunate people (widows, orphans, those who are mentally unstable) in society, though Khomeini claimed that its true meaning gives the clergy authority over the entire Shia community successor to Khomeini, but lacking in the same magnetism of personality and academic credentials president from 1997 to 2005; a reformist who aimed to end the freeze in relations between Iran and the West; believed in a "dialogue among civilizations" that fostered positive relationships with other countries; opened the "Tehran spring" - a period of cautious political liberalization personified the union of political and religious interests from ancient days; hailed as the "Leader of the Revolution, Founder of the Islamic Republic, Guide of the Oppressed Masses, Commander of the Armed Forces, and Imam of the Muslim World;" led the Revolution of 1979 a coalition of reformist parties in 2000; won 80% of the vote for Majles the new assembly created by the Constitutional Revolution of 1905-09 that guaranteed seats to the "People of the Book;" has the authority to make and pass laws and control cabinet ministers first round of elections took place in 2004, but only after the Guardian Council banned thousands of candidates from running, resulting in conservatives candidates winning out; in 2008, conservatives held on to about 70% of the seats leader of the National Front; advocated nationalizing the British-owned company that monopolized Iran's oil business; wanted to take the armed forces out from under the shah's control; was elected prime minister in 1951, his power growing so that the shah was forced to flee the country in 1953; was overthrown by the US ran against Ahmadinejad in 2009; lost with 34% of the vote, thus causing demonstrations and rallies against the government

1. Islamic Society of Engineers

The Alliance of Builders of Islamic Iran; alliance of conservative parties and is shortened to Abadgaran; sponsored by Ahmadinejad, who won the presidential election in 2009

2. jurist's guardianship

the principle that gives senior clergy broad authority over the unfortunate people (widows, orphans, those who are mentally unstable) in society, though Khomeini claimed that its true meaning gives the clergy authority over the entire Shia community

3. Ayatollah Ali Khamenei

successor to Khomeini, but lacking in the same magnetism of personality and academic credentials

4. Muhammad Khatami

president from 1997 to 2005; a reformist who aimed to end the freeze in relations between Iran and the West; believed in a "dialogue among civilizations" that fostered positive relationships with other countries; opened the "Tehran spring" - a period of cautious political liberalization

5. Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini

personified the union of political and religious interests from ancient days; hailed as the "Leader of the Revolution, Founder of the Islamic Republic, Guide of the Oppressed Masses, Commander of the Armed Forces, and Imam of the Muslim World;" led the Revolution of 1979

6. Khordad Front

a coalition of reformist parties in 2000; won 80% of the vote for Majles

7. Majles

the new assembly created by the Constitutional Revolution of 1905-09 that guaranteed seats to the "People of the Book;" has the authority to make and pass laws and control cabinet ministers

8. Majles Election of 2004, 2008

first round of elections took place in 2004, but only after the Guardian Council banned thousands of candidates from running, resulting in conservatives candidates winning out; in 2008, conservatives held on to about 70% of the seats

9. Muhammad Mosaddeq

leader of the National Front; advocated nationalizing the British-owned company that monopolized Iran's oil business; wanted to take the armed forces out from under the shah's control; was elected prime minister in 1951, his power growing so that the shah was forced to flee the country in 1953; was overthrown by the US

10. Mir-Hossein Mousavi

ran against Ahmadinejad in 2009; lost with 34% of the vote, thus causing demonstrations and rallies against the government