Florida International University

CLP 4146

CHAPTER 3:

1)The ethological perspective on human development emphasizes

2Ethologists focus most intently on products of                     which steer development in adaptive ways.

3. A basic tenet of ethological theory is that

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             focus most intently on inherited attributes that characterize a species and conspire to make individuals similar to each other.

5. An ethologist's criticism of laboratory experimentation as a primary method for studying behavior is likely to be that

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Ethologists can agree with                   that               is(are) important to human social development.

1. Darwin; natural selection
2. learning theorists; learning experiences

c.             both of these

7. Psychoanalysts believe that the events of the early years can have long-term effects on the developing personality. An ethologist would almost certainly agree and would refer to      to make this point.

8. According to the ethological viewpoint, sensitive periods in development are

9.          is when ethologists have argued is the sensitive period for human social and emotional development.

10. Although both qualify as evolutionary theories, modern evolutionary theory differs from ethology in its description of the biological basis for adaptive behaviors. A modern evolutionary theorist would argue that an adaptive behavior is one that

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One social motive/behavior that modern evolutionary theorists cannot explain is

1. self-sacrificial forms of altruism
2. different mating preferences of men and women
3. both of these

d.            none of these

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Research on "empathy" in infants, such as that conducted by Hoffman

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A common criticism of all evolutionary theories is that they

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Evolutionary theories are often criticized for

1. being difficult to falsify
2. providing retrospective or post hoc accounts of human development
3. failing to generate testable predictions about future development

d.            all of these

15. Social-learning theorists have offered the following criticism of evolutionary theories:

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Behavioral geneticists are best described as

             focus most intently on the biological bases for variation among members of a species.

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Tryon's (1940) classic experiment on maze-bright and maze-dull rats indicates that

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If identical twins and fraternal twins show the same correlation on a given characteristic, we could conclude that

19. If identical twins reared together are more alike on a characteristic than identical twins reared apart, we can infer that

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If individuals reared together are as similar on an attribute as are equally related individuals reared apart, then we can conclude that the attribute is