Northern Virginia Community College

BIO 150

Study Guide Questions

Chapter 11

1)Differentiate between (a) true pathogen (primary pathogen) and opportunistic pathogen; (b) pathogenicity and virulence (page 293).

 

2. Define infectious dose, and explain its role in establishing infection (page 295).

 

3. What are virulence factors? How do they contribute to tissue damage (page 297)?

 

4. Define the eight types of infection (Table 11.4, page 300).

 

5. List the steps a microbe has to take to get t the point where it can cause disease (Fig 11.5, page 300).

 

6. Define incidence and prevalence, and explain the difference between them (page 324).

 

7. Differentiate among the four patterns of occurrence of infectious disease (epidemic, endemic, sporadic and pandemic) (page 317-318. Fig 11.11).

 

 

8. Answer multiple-choice questions 1-8 on pages 320-321.

 

1. Normal resident microbes in our bodies interact with us as

 

1. commensals. b. mutualists. d. a and b.

 

2. Resident biota is absent from the
3. Virulence factors include

a. toxins. b. enzymes. c. capsules.

d. a and b. e. a, b, and c.

 

4. The                                                                                                is the time that lapses between an encounter with a pathogen and the ? rst symptoms
5. A short period early in a disease that may manifest with general malaise and achiness is the
6. A/an                                                                                                 is a passive animal transporter of pathogens.
7. A positive antibody test for HIV would be a                                                                 of infection.
8. A seasonal outbreak of in?uenza would be an example of what type of outbreak?.