Grambling State University - BUSINESS/C 301

Chapter 3 - Early Societies in South and East Asia

1)Explain the Harappan society. Include the following in your description:

1. 1. Its location (include the continent, fresh water source, and what it is today).
   2. Who were the founders of the society?
   3. What was its economic foundation?

2. What patterns were established by the two largest cities that shaped larger society and the degree to which this river facilitated trade, travel and communication?

3. What led to the decline of the Harappan society?

4. Who were the most prominent Indo-European migrants to settle throughout the Indus valley following the decline of Harappan society?
   1. What does their name mean?

5. Explain the Caste System in India. Include the following:
   1. Its origination.
   2. The definition of Varna.
   3. The four main varnas
      1. List the individuals included in each caste.
   4. Who were the untouchables?
      1. What was their role?

6. What is the Law-book of Manu?

7. What are the Upanishads? Include:
   1. Brahman
   2. Meaning of Upanishad
   3. Teachings
   4. doctrines
      1. samsara
      2. karma
      3. personal integrity
      4. moksha

8. Where did early societies in China flourish?
   1. Which ones were the most notable?
   2. Where did the Yellow River get its name and what is its nickname?

9. What are the three (3) ancient dynasties that arose before unified rule came to China under the Qin and Han dynasties?
   1. Which dynasty was one of the earliest to organize public life in China on a large scale?
   2. What did the founder, sage-king Yu organize to benefit the society?

10. Which area of economic specialization/technology was developed by the Shang that explains the rise and success of their dynasty?
    1. How did they utilize this technology?
    2. Explain the Shang political organization.

11. Explain the rise of the Zhou dynasty.

12. What was the Mandate of Heaven?
    1. Under which dynasty did it emerge?

13. What type of society existed in early China with regard to gender?

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14. List the social order(classes) and include
    1. individuals in each class
    2. their roles

15. Explain the veneration of ancestors.

16. Explain early Chinese writing. Include:
    1. The dynasty in which writing was used extensively.
    2. Its purpose (what it was used for).

17. What are Oracle Bones?
    1. Explain how they were used.

18. As Chinese influence spread south, in what river valley did a complex society emerge?
    1. What was the main crop produced?
    2. What powerful state emerged?
       1. Under which dynasty did this state emerge?
    3. What happens to Chinese society by the end of the Zhou dynasty?