Marshalltown Community College - NURSING PNN101

Chapter 04: Drug Calculation: Preparing and Giving Drugs Visovsky: Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology, 9th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1)Which of the following is an example of a drug given in units instead of milligrams?

1. 1. Insulin
   2. Furosemide
   3. Normal saline
   4. Nitroglycerine

2. When calculating the dose of a drug to be given to a child, Clark’s rule is used. What measure is Clark’s rule based upon?
   1. The age of the child
   2. The weight of the child
   3. One-half of the adult dose
   4. The international standardized ratio

3. Which statement is true regarding giving drugs by the IV route?
   1. Intravenous drugs must go through first-pass metabolism to be absorbed.
   2. Intravenous drugs are deposited directly into the blood stream.
   3. Intravenous drugs have lower rates of adverse events.
   4. Intravenous drugs are less effective than oral drugs.

4. Which represents the proper way to give an oral capsule?
   1. Crush and dilute it in warm water.
   2. Tell the patient to swallow it whole.
   3. Tell the patient to chew it completely.
   4. Pierce it with a needle and squeeze into the mouth.

5. An elderly patient is scheduled to take six drugs each morning. What action should you take when giving these drugs?
   1. Allow extra time to give all of the drugs.
   2. Crush all the drugs before giving them.
   3. Allow the patient to take only the drugs she can swallow.
   4. Leave the drugs at the bedside so the patient can take them slowly.

6. When giving a drug through a nasogastric (NG) tube, which will you do first?
   1. Take the vital signs.
   2. Check placement of the tube.
   3. Flush the tube with 30 mL of water.
   4. Ask the patient if the tube is painful.

7. Which is done after giving drug through a nasogastric tube that is connected to suction?
   1. The tube is reconnected to the suction.
   2. The tube is left off for 4 hours and then reconnected to suction.
   3. The tube is clamped for 10 minutes and then reconnected to suction.
   4. The tube is clamped for 30 minutes and then reconnected to suction.

8. What precaution should you take to prevent injury from a needlestick?
   1. Recap the needle before disposal.
   2. Remove the needle from the syringe.
   3. Carry the needle with you until it can be disposed of.
   4. Immediately discard the needle and syringe in a puncture-proof container. ANS: D

9. When a patient is experiencing a life-threatening emergency, you may be given an order to give drug via which route?
   1. IV route
   2. IM route
   3. Rectal route
   4. Subcutaneous route

10. Which is the correct needle for an intramuscular (IM) injection?
    1. 18 G, 1-inch needle
    2. 20 G, 1/2-inch needle
    3. 25 G, 2-inch needle
    4. 21 G, 1 1/2-inch needle
11. Which principle of drug administration will you include in the teaching plan of a patient who will be administering his own subcutaneous injections?
    1. Rotate sites among the upper arm, abdomen, and anterior thigh.
    2. Avoid injecting within 3 inches of a previous injection site.
    3. Insert the needle at a 30-degree angle to the skin.
    4. Use a 22-gauge, 5/8-inch needle.

12. What physical assessment findings would you observe when an IV becomes infiltrated?
    1. Pallor and pain
    2. Pallor, warmth
    3. Pain, warmth, and burning
    4. Pain, swelling, and redness

13. Which correct step should you take when giving a Z-track injection?
    1. Draw up the exact amount of the drug adding 0.5 mL of air.
    2. Do not massage the injection site after giving the drug.
    3. Use the deltoid site for this injection.
    4. Pull the tissue upward and away.

14. What step should be taken when applying a topical nitroglycerin ointment to a patient?
    1. Squeeze the nitroglycerine ointment onto the applicator paper and place it on the skin.
    2. Apply the nitroglycerine ointment to the medial aspect of the thigh.
    3. Massage the nitroglycerine ointment thoroughly into the skin.
    4. Shave the skin before to application.

15. You are preparing to give a drug by the transdermal route to a patient. Which safety precaution should you use when giving this type of drug?
    1. Always wear gloves when giving transdermal drugs.
    2. To maintain blood levels, do not clean the skin.
    3. Remove all patches before showering.
    4. Keep all prior patches on the skin.
16. Metered-dose inhalers are used to deliver specific amounts of drug. The nurse gives the patient which instructions?
    1. Never shake the inhaler drug before use.
    2. Hold the head back while inhaling the drug.
    3. Exhale while squeezing the canister to deliver the drug.

1. 4. Sit upright, exhale, then activate the inhaler as the next inhalation begins.

17. You are instructing a clinic patient on how to use an inhaler during an asthma attack. Which statement is correct about the use of an inhaler?
    1. The drug must go into the back of the nose.
    2. The drug must go directly into the throat.
    3. The drug must go onto the tongue.
    4. The drug must go into the lungs.

MULTIPLE RESPONSE

1. You discover that an IV infusion is failing to flow properly. Which actions should you take? (Select all that apply.)
   1. Change the IV tubing
   2. Check IV pole height
   3. Check the IV solution type
   4. Check the position of needle
   5. Check the IV tubing for kinks
   6. Examine IV site for infiltration

2. Which are examples of drugs given through mucous membranes? (Select all that apply.)
   1. Oral tablets
   2. Liquid drugs
   3. Intravenous drugs
   4. Transdermal drugs
   5. Rectal suppositories
   6. Metered-dose inhaler