PART II

PART II. LONGER ANSWERS. Answer ANY TWO of the following. (20 points each) 1. Describe and distinguish between the several types of reproductive isolating mechanisms. 2. Explain how AT LEAST TWO DIFFERENT INHERITED CONDITIONS CONDITIONS help protect human populations from malaria. 3. Select ANY TWO of the following topics: peppered moths, mimicry, South American mammals, frogs on oceanic islands, adaptations in finches. For each of the two topics you have selected, explain how it can be used to support Darwinism AND to argue against at least one alternative explanation. 4. Outline the steps in the production of human insulin by bacteria. 5. Explain how natural selection has made human skin color darker, on average, in some places and lighter, on average, in other places by the operation of major opposing tendencies. 6. Explain the difference between science policy issues and other types of issues that arise in the case of applied science. Illustrate with an example of each type of issue on a topic of your choice (such as legislation requiring childhood vaccination, efforts to clean up toxic waste sites, marijuana legalization, or any other topic of interest). IMPORTANT NOTE: Your stand on these issues is not being graded. The basis for grading is your explanation of how the several types of issues differ from one another. 7. List six or more characteristics of living systems and briefly explain each. 8. Explain how Griffith's experiment AND at least one follow-up study showed that DNA contained hereditary information. 9. Explain at least five important differences between procaryotic and eucaryotic cells