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The management at Vision, a company that specializes in high-end eyewear, was dissatisfied with the performance of the marketing intermediaries' in promoting its products

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The management at Vision, a company that specializes in high-end eyewear, was dissatisfied with the performance of the marketing intermediaries' in promoting its products. The company decided to sell its products only through standalone, exclusive boutiques owned and maintained by Vision. This is an example of:

1. horizontal integration.

2. forward integration.

3. associative integration.

4. balanced integration.

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