Jay believes the required vaccinations would cost almost $30,000 a year, primarily due to his staff turnover rate, which is approximately 40%

High employee turnover hampers company's efficiency and increases company's costs. Ways to reduce turnover rate:

• Giving employees fair wages according to their capabilities and offering incentives for extra amount of work done by them helps in motivating employees and retaining them for a long period.
• Providing job security and healthy working environment to employees helps in reducing turnover rates. When employees have job security and peace in working environment, they think twice before leaving organization.

Theories of social-culture environment can also help managers to retain workforce. People in the organization are from different backgrounds and practice different cultures. Job of manager is to respect each culture at workplace. There should not be discrimination on the basis of color, caste, race, religion, and others.