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Criticize the following procedures used to gather validity evidence: a

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Criticize the following procedures used to gather validity evidence:

a. A high school English teacher developed a writing test for identifying talented high school students and administered the test to her senior English classes. On the basis of high scores, students were permitted to enroll in an English class at the local university. At the end of the semester, the teacher correlated the original test scores with the grades the students earned in the college English class. The teacher was surprised to fi nd a negligible correlation. What was the problem?

b. A school counselor developed a scale to measure need for academic achievement in elementary school children. The scale was administered to two classes of elementary school children, and the results were given to the teachers of these children. The teachers were asked to observe these children carefully for one semester, after which they were asked to rate the children on their need for achievement. The teachers’ ratings were then correlated with the scores the children received on the scale. The correlation was quite high, so the counselor concluded that the scale had high validity for measuring need for achievement. Do you agree with the counselor’s conclusion?