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a) What does each of these reflect in a research report: statistical significance, magnitude of effect, practical or clinical significance? b) Outliers, individuals with extreme scores in a study, sometimes are tossed out by an investigator, sometimes they are retained

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a) What does each of these reflect in a research report: statistical significance, magnitude of effect, practical or clinical significance?

b) Outliers, individuals with extreme scores in a study, sometimes are tossed out by an investigator, sometimes they are retained. Give an argument for each side of this issue. What is your view of this?

c) It has been difficult to get investigators to use confidence intervals (CIs) in their reports, even though this is so easy to compute. Part of the problem seems to be that many investigators when surveyed are not sure what CIs really are. Give a dazzling definition of what a CI is.