Bio Final Exam   What is the active site? What are the key features of prokaryotes and eukaryotes? What is special about carbon? Saturated fat unsaturated fat What is atherosclerosis? What is a hydrogen bond and why are they important in water? Why is water called the universal solvent? What is natural selection? Why do we say that populations vary?  

1. What is the active site?

part of an enzyme where substrates bind and undergo a chemical reaction.

2. What are the key features of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

prokaryotes: no nucleus or membrane bound organelles, unicellular
eukaryotes: nucleus and membrane, multicellular

3. What is special about carbon?

• Carbon is the only element that can form so many different compounds because each carbon atom can form four chemical bonds to other atoms, and because the carbon atom is just the right, small size to fit in comfortably as parts of very large molecules.

4. Saturated fat

found in animal products and processes foods (meat, dairy, chips). fully saturated in with hydrogen atoms and does not contain double bonds between carbon atoms.

5. unsaturated fat

found in foods such as nuts, avocados, and olives. liquid at room temperature. chemical structure contains double bonds

6. What is atherosclerosis?

• A disease of the arteries characterized by the deposition of plaques of fatty material on their inner walls.

7. What is a hydrogen bond and why are they important in water?

• Hydrogen bonds hold the oxygen and hydrogen together to form a water molecule

8. Why is water called the universal solvent?

because of it's ability to dissolve or dissociate most compounds. It can do this because of it's polarity

9. What is natural selection?

the idea that more affective traits will survive and reproduce in the population.

10. Why do we say that populations vary?

because all areas need different surviving traits due to different ecosystems