Question 1: Evaluate the health protective and risk factors that may be relevant to Martin’s diagnosis and care. 

Martin’s diagnosis of Parkinson’s and late-stage lung cancer in this scenario shows that Martin was exposed to risk factors leading to his health issues. Martin has lived in reservation his lifetime, with research evident that most of the land in reservation is used for industrial activities, Martin must have been exposed to industrial chemicals manufactured and processed in such industries caused him to suffer from the two diagnosed diseases. However, there are a few effective protective factors that will keep martin from suffering. First, he has to increase the intake of caffeine which will help him reduce the risks of suffering from Parkinson’s. According to the worlds Parkinson’s program, NSAIDS may have a neuroprotective effect such as protecting the dopaminergic neurons from glutamate-induced toxicity. The combined effects of NSAIDS and caffeine, are strong and highly significant, suggesting up to an 87% risk reduction of Parkinson’s disease (Chen et al., 2019). He should have family support from his children and grandchildren during his last stages of lung cancer; his family should care for him and help him

emotionally. Martin should also quit smoking. According to scientists, it is a proof that 85% of patients with lung cancer are cigarette smokers, and despite smoking cigarette reduces the chances of Parkinson’s disease (Jassem, 2019), Martin in this case should abstain from it as it is a leading risk factor of lung-cancer in most patients.

Question 2: Compare the health protective and risk factors typical of those with your cultural identity with those encountered by Martin.

In my culture, being a native American and a black American, cultural protective factor are conditions that protect one against the occurrence of unpleasant outcomes. One of the protective factors common in both cultures is that of concrete family support that one is given during their times of need at all age’s young to old family members. Martin’s culture seems to be supportive with him having strong family values that puts him on hospice care for him to have a good care on his last days despite his health not responding to treatment. My culture as well as Martin’s has supported environmental factors that are risks to human health for example, the reservation where Martin has spent his lifetime on, consists of industries that emit dangerous chemicals to the human body. It is where such chemicals affect Martin’s lungs and risks his Parkinson’s disease increasing its effect in his body. With all that, Martin’s culture and my culture poses the same risk factors to him and has the same protective factors in this case.