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University Of Arizona ATMO 170A Chapter 3 1)Assuming that the night will remain clear, calm, and unsaturated, the predicted minimum temperature is 32°F
University Of Arizona
ATMO 170A
Chapter 3
1)Assuming that the night will remain clear, calm, and unsaturated, the predicted minimum temperature is 32°F. Suddenly, the wind speed increases and remains gusty throughout the night. The minimum temperature will most likely be .
a. higher than predicted due to the release of latent heat
b. higher than predicted due to mixing
c. about the same as predicted, but will occur earlier in the night
d. much lower than predicted due to radiational cooling
2. During the afternoon, the greatest temperature difference between the surface air that "touches" (is within one millimeter of) the ground and the air that is two meters or so above (at "official" thermometer level) above ground level occurs on a .
a. sunny, windy day
b. cloudy, windy day
c. cloudy, calm day
d. sunny, calm day
3. How many cooling degree-days would there be for a day with a maximum temperature of 95°F and a minimum temperature of 65°F? (Assume a base temperature of 65°F)
a. 20
b. 0
c. 30
d. 15
4. How many heating degree-days would there be for a day with a maximum temperature of 30°F and a minimum temperature of 20°F? (Assume a base temperature of 65°F.)
a. 35
b. 65
c. 40
d. 45
5. Hypothermia is most common in .
a. cold, dry weather
b. hot, dry weather
c. hot, humid weather
d. cold, wet weather
6. Lines on a map connecting points of equal temperature are called .
a. isotherms
b. isobars
c. thermals
d. thermographs
7. Maximum air temperature in a given day usually occurs .
a. 2-4 hours after maximum solar heating
b. during maximum solar heating
c. before maximum solar heating
d. 12-14 hours after maximum solar heating
8. Nighttime radiation inversions occur on most .
a. rainy, calm nights
b. clear, windy nights
c. rainy, windy nights
d. clear, calm nights
9. On a calm, cold day, the sensible temperature is often than the thermometer reading.
a. lower
b. higher
c. about the same
d. much lower
10. Over the earth as a whole, one would expect to observe the smallest variation in temperature from day to day and from month to month .
a. along the Pacific coast of North America
b. in the center of a large land mass
c. on a small island near the equator
d. at the North Pole
11. The "normal" high temperature for a given day is determined from the .
a. monthly averaged high temperature for that day
b. 30 year averaged high temperature for that day
c. 200 year averaged high temperature for that day
d. weekly averaged high temperature for that day
12. The diurnal range of temperature is greatest
a. 100 feet above the ground
b. 500 feet above the ground
c. 2 feet above the ground
d. 100 cm below ground
13. The wind-chill index .
a. relates body heat loss with wind to an equivalent temperature with no wind
b. indicates the temperature at which water freezes on exposed skin
c. determines how low the air temperature will be on any given day
d. takes into account humidity and air temperature in expressing the current air temperature
14. What is used as an index for fuel consumption?
a. heating degree-days
b. growing degree-days
c. mean annual temperature
d. consumer price index
15. Which of the following would you expect to have smaller diurnal temperature ranges (assuming all other factors are equal)?
a. inland prairies
b. coastal cities
c. inland cities
d. high deserts
16. When does the minimum temperature on a clear, calm night typically occur?
a. A few minutes after sunrise
b. Midnight
c. At sunrise
d. A few minutes before the morning twilight.
17. On a windy day, you would expect to record warmer daytime and warmer nighttime temperatures than on a day with calm winds.
a. True
b. False
18. The Great Lakes are large enough to affect the climate of the surrounding area.
a. True
b. False
19. The ground is a better emitter of infrared radiation and cools more quickly than air.
a. True
b. False
20. Two cities can have the same mean annual temperature but different mean annual ranges of temperature.
a. True
b. False
21. Temperatures near water have a smaller diurnal variability as compared to inland locations.
a. True
b. False
22. Thermals and turbulent eddies typically increase daytime temperature differences between the ground and the air a few feet above the ground in windy weather compared to calm weather.
a. True
b. False
23. Which of the following factors would have the net effect of making a place warmer in the summer?
a. at a high latitude
b. at a high elevation
c. near an ocean
d. in the middle of a landmass
24. Overnight temperatures are warmer when the air is humid because:
a. water vapor and clouds cause the Earth system to have a higher nighttime albedo.
b. water vapor is good at scattering longwave radiation.
c. water vapor is a good absorber of incoming shortwave radiation, causing more energy to be stored during the day.
d. water vapor is a good absorber of outgoing longwave radiation.
25. Which month is most likely to be the HOTTEST in most land regions of the northern hemisphere?
a. May
b. September
c. July
d. January
26. The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1°C is called:
a. conductive heat.
b. specific heat.
c. kinetic heat.
d. latent heat.
27. A primary reason why land areas warm up more rapidly than water areas is that:
a. land absorbs more solar energy.
b. land is a better emitter of energy.
c. heat from Earth's interior warms the land.
d. evaporation is usually greater on land.
e. on land, all solar energy is absorbed in a shallow layer.
28. The annual temperature range is quite small near the equator. This is true primarily because:
a. the earth emits more infrared energy at these locations.
b. the elevation of most land areas there is near sea level.
c. solar radiation is nearly uniform all year.
d. low pressure systems are almost never present.
e. wind speeds tend to be always slow.
29. Complete the following temperature conversions using the appropriate formulas. 68°F is equal to °C.
30. Complete the following temperature conversions using the appropriate formulas. 5°C is equal to
°F.
31. Latitude is a major control of temperature since latitude determines the Sun angle.
a. True
b. False
32. The seasonal shift of isotherms is greater over the continents than over the ocean.
a. True
b. False
33. Land cools more slowly than water during autumn because the land has a smaller specific heat value.
a. True
b. False
34. Clouds have a significant influence on surface temperatures because they absorb most incoming solar radiation.
a. True
b. False
35. Cloud cover lowers both the daily high and daily low temperatures.
a. True
b. False
36. Surface air temperatures rise and fall more slowly over the continents than over the oceans.
a. True
b. False
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