Stevens Institute Of Technology

CS 550

Chapter 4 Data Formats

1)Input from a device that represents a continuous range of data is known as

 

1. 1. metadata.
   2. analog data.
   3. various data        .
   4. discrete data.

 

2. Information that describes or interprets the meaning of the data is known as
   1. ASCII.
   2. analog.
   3. EBCDIC.
   4. metadata.

 

3. Which of the following is NOT one of the common alphanumeric codes?
   1. ASCII
   2. Unicode
   3. Ordinal
   4. EBCDIC

 

4. When recording sound, the data that describes how long a time period each captured sound measurement represents is known as the
   1. MIDI
   2. WAVE
   3. amplitude
   4. sampling rate

 

5. The alphanumeric code that has codes for the characters of nearly every character-based alphabet of the world is
   1. ASCII.
   2. Unicode.
   3. Ordinal.
   4. EBCDIC.

 

6. Characters used to control the position of the output on the screen or paper, to cause some action to occur, such as ringing a bell or deleting a character, or to communicate status between the computer and an I/O device are called
   1. glyphs.
   2. symbols.
   3. control characters.
   4. command characters.

 

7. The order of the alphanumeric codes in the representation table, which will determine how data is sorted, is known as
   1. metadata.
   2. scan code.
   3. control code.
   4. collating sequence.

 

8. How many bytes are needed to store one ASCII character?
   1. 1
   2. 2
   3. 3
   4. 4

 

9. The presentation of an image as input or output, one pixel at a time, in order, is called
   1. metadata.
   2. sampling.

1. 3. a raster scan.
   4. collating sequence.

 

10. Image files that store each individual point within the image are

1. glyphs.
2. vector images.
3. object images.
4. bitmap images.

 

11. Images that are defined mathematically as geometrically definable shapes that can be easily moved around, scaled, and rotated without losing their shape and identity are known as

1. GIF images.
2. raster images.
3. vector images.
4. bitmap images.

 

12. An example of an image file that uses lossless compression is

1. TIFF.
2. PNG.
3. MP3.
4. JPEG.

 

13. Which image file format is best used for photographs of real-world objects?

1. GIF
2. PNG
3. MP3
4. JPEG

 

14. The nature of display technology makes it much more convenient and cost effective for regular printers and display screens to display and print all images as

1. palettes.
2. bitmaps.
3. equations.
4. pseudocode.

 

15. The color translation table, which translates the code for each pixel into actual color values, is known as

1. a theme.
2. a glyph.
3. a palette.
4. a color chart.

 

16. The individual elements that form a bitmap image are called

1. pixels.
2. palettes.
3. grid bits.
4. resolution.

 

17. Increasing or decreasing the number of pixels per inch changes the

1. codec.
2. amplitude.
3. resolution.
4. color depth.

 

18. Making the pixels smaller and increasing their number will result in a

1. corrupt file.
2. clearer image.
3. loss of quality.
4. smaller file size.

 

19. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of object images over bitmap images?

1. Easy to create
2. Manipulated easily
3. Resolution independent
4. Require far less storage space

 

20. In graphically based systems it is necessary to distinguish between characters and their object image-based representations, known as

1. PNGs.
2. TIFFs.
3. icons.
4. glyphs.

 

 

21. Video format is determined by an encoder/decoder algorithm known as a

 

1. codec.

 

2. modifier.

 

3. converter.

 

4. transformer.

 

 

22. Video that is transmitted through a network and displayed in real time is called

1. raster.
2. flowing.
3. streaming.

 

4. Post Script.

 

 

23. Original sound waves are analog in nature and must be converted to digital form for use in the computer. The circuit that performs this function is known as a(n)

 

1. analog inverter.

 

2. digital inverter.

 

3. A-to-D converter.

 

4. digital to analog converter.

 

 

24. Which of the following waveform metadata would NOT be necessary to process and reproduce the waveform?

1. Genre
2. Sampling rate
3. Maximum amplitude
4. Total number of samples

 

25. What is the format used to coordinate the sounds and signals between a computer and connected musical instruments, particularly keyboards?

1. MOD
2. VOC
3. WAV
4. MIDI

 

26. The bit rate of an MP3 file is usually measured in

1. bits per second.
2. Kbits per second.
3. Mbits per second.
4. Gbits per second.

 

27. What is the primary contributor to the small MP3 file size?

1. Lossless compression
2. Psychoacoustic lossy compression

3. Compression, using an algorithm called LZW
4. Compression, similar to that used in .WAV files

 

28. The .WAV format is a general-purpose format used primarily to store and reproduce

1. text.
2. sound.
3. movies.

 

4. pictures.

 

29. Lossless data compression must be used for all of these EXCEPT

1. text files.
2. program files.
3. multimedia files.

 

4. numerical data files.

 

30. ZIP files use

1. lossy algorithms only.
2. lossless algorithms only.
3. mix of both lossless and lossy algorithms.
4. depends on the nature of the data being compressed.

 

31. Most page description languages also provide the capability to extend the language to include new data formats and new objects using language stubs called

1. clients.
2. plug-ins.
3. web-apps.
4. applications.

 

32. A language that describes the layout of objects on a displayed or printed page is called

1. MIDI.
2. a palette.
3. EBCDIC.
4. a page description language.

 

33. Which of the following is NOT an example of a page description language?

1. PDF
2. PCX
3. HTML
4. PostScript

 

 

34. Two-valued variables or constants with values of true or false are called

 

1. float.

 

2. binary.

 

3. Boolean.

 

4. symbols.

 

 

35. Numbers with a fractional portion are called

 

a) real.

 

c) integers.

 

b) Boolean.

d) enumerated.

 

 

Discussion Questions

 

1. What is the major difference between how JPEG and GIF image files are compressed?

 

 

2. Why is "metadata" important?

 

3. Why is it critical that standard data representations exist?

 

4. What data type would likely be used for a phone number and why?

 

5. What shortcomings of ASCII led to the development of Unicode?

 

6. What would printing ASCII text on an EBCDIC terminal do, and why?

 

7. When sorting an array of words, which comes first: "Apple" or "alligator"? How can you fix it for natural sort?

 

8. What is the general concept behind psychoacoustic compression?

 

9. If we record a song that is one minute long using 16-bit sound samples, sampled at 44.1KHz in mono channel, without any metadata or compression, how large would the file be? (Express your answer in Megabytes)

 

10. If true color requires 3 bytes per pixel, how much storage space is required for a minute's worth of output for a video camera producing full screen 1024 × 768 pixel true-color images at a frame rate of thirty frames per second? Explain any assumptions you make about your calculations.

 

 

11. Describe the trade-offs between audio quality versus transmission rate or file size for MP3 digital audio data format.

 

 

12. What is the main assumption regarding lossy compression?