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Homework answers / question archive / Louisiana State University OSC 1005 Chapter 6 1)The property of water that allows certain insects to walk on the surface is called: 2

Louisiana State University OSC 1005 Chapter 6 1)The property of water that allows certain insects to walk on the surface is called: 2

Earth Science

Louisiana State University

OSC 1005

Chapter 6

1)The property of water that allows certain insects to walk on the surface is called:

2.   Pure water is a(n):

3.   The forces that hold atoms and ions together to form molecules are:

4.    The average depth of the photic zone is                                             in open ocean waters.

5.   A polar molecule:

6.   The energy required to change liquid water to vapor is referred to as the melting point.

7.   The energy required to change solid water (ice) to liquid is referred to as the latent heat of fusion.

 

8.   The pycnocline is the zone with rapid changes in temperature with depth.

9. The ocean is slow to heat and slow to cool. This is related to a property of water known as low heat capacity.

10. A zone with rapid changes in density with depth is called the halocline.

11. Most substances _ in density as they begin to freeze. But, as the temp of pure water reaches 4oC it

       in density, & as it freezes it _ in density.

12. The density of seawater increases with a(n)                                              in salinity, with a(n)                                    in temperature and with a(n)      in pressure.

13. Water masses in the ocean are layered based on their                                                  .

14. In water, the speed of sound is                     than the speed of sound in air,                        with an increase in temperature, & _ with an increase in pressure.

15. As seawater evaporates, the remaining water has                                                 salinity and                                                                                                                                               density.                                       

16. Sources of the oceans' salts are believed to include:

17. Which of these ions is not a major constituent of seawater?

18. An acid is a substance that:

19. A solution is an acid when:

20. Saying that the ocean is buffered means that it:

21. Oxygen enters seawater mainly through the oxidation of metal ions in seawater.

22. The average salinity of the oceans is about 3.5% (or 35 parts-per-thousand).

23. The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is oxygen.

24. The components of ocean water whose proportions are not accounted for by the weathering of surface rocks are called excess volatiles.

25. Residence time is the average length of time an element spends in the ocean.

26. In water, an increase in salinity results in a(n)                                                in heat capacity and a(n)                                                                                                                                    in freezing point.

27. In water, an increase in salinity results in a(n)                                                in evaporation rate; a(n)                                                 in osmotic pressure.                                          

28. Most gases enter the ocean from                                       . They dissolve most readily in                                                                                                            water.

 

29. The ion that has the longest residence time in the ocean is                                                       

30. A solution with a pH of 3 is                                       .

 

 

 

31. The primary reason that the polar ocean doesn't freeze solid & the equatorial ocean doesn't boil away is because the:

 

34. Coriolis effect is caused by the:

35. The greatest destruction of a hurricane is caused by:

36. The doldrums are found around the poles.

37. The Coriolis Effect ONLY deflects objects to the right.

38. Six main atmospheric circulation cells exist in each hemisphere of the Earth.

39. The long-term average of weather in any area is known as climate.

40. To qualify formally as a hurricane, a tropical cyclone must have winds of at least 250 kilometers (155 miles) per hour.

41. In air, as temperature increases, density                                            ; as water content increases, density                                                                                                                      .

42. As air rises, it                                . As air falls it                                 

43. Coriolis deflection is to the                                       in the Northern Hemisphere and to the                                                                                        in the Southern.

44. As air pressure increases, air temperature                           . As air temp increases, the amount of water vapor it can hold ____.

45. In winter, air over the frigid continental land masses or North America and Siberia form zones of

                         atmospheric pressure. Air over the relatively warmer waters near the Aleutians and Iceland form zones of                                    atmospheric pressure.

46. The flow direction of surface ocean currents is due primarily to:

47. The most important current for promoting water exchange among all three oceans is the:

48. The surface ocean gyres:

49. Western boundary currents:

 50. Eastern boundary currents:

51. The name of the current that flows from north to south along the west coast of North America is the California current.

52. In the Northern Hemisphere, the water surface of the open ocean moves 45° to the right of the wind.

53. The densest water in the world is formed in the Antarctic.

54. The vertical movement of water due to changes in temperature and salinity is called Ekman transport.

55. In the North Pacific (Northern Hemisphere), Gyre surface currents flow in a clockwise direction.

 

56. In the Northern Hemisphere, surface currents flow to the                                                   of wind direction; in the Southern Hemisphere, surface currents flow to the                  .

57. Of the great current circuits in the world ocean, there are                                                     in the Northern Hemisphere and

                         in the Southern.

58. The circulation of water at great depths is driven by:

59. Surface currents extend to what depth in the ocean?

60. When pressure differences in the western and eastern Pacific cause the trade winds to reverse it is called:

61. "Tidal waves" are:

62. A wavelength is determined by the:

63. The damage from a tsunami is:                         

64. The time it takes for a wave to move a distance of one wavelength is known as:

65. The wave you surf on in California may have come from the middle of the Pacific. What has been transmitted across the ocean basin?

66. The region (or zone) between the breaking waves and the shore is the surf zone.

67. The vertical distance between a wave crest and the adjacent trough is the wavelength.

68. The maximum possible height for any given wavelength is determined by a ratio of wave height to wavelength, this is known as wave steepness.

69. Waves that are moving through water that is deeper than one-half of the wavelength are known as deep water waves.

 

 

 

70. A wave that cannot "feel" the bottom is a                                           .       

71. The two types of waves that are always or almost always deep water waves are:

72.  The factors necessary to make a really large wind wave are:

73.. The abrupt bulge of water driven ashore by a tropical cyclone (hurricane) is called a                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      .

74. Which of these lists is arranged in order from smallest wavelength to longest wavelength?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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