Northern Virginia Community College

BIO 150

Study Guide Questions

Chapter 10

1)State the main goal of antimicrobial treatment. Why is this goal difficult to achieve (page 276)? To administer a drug to an infected person that destroys the infective agent without harming the host's cells.

It needs to be easy to administer, yet able to reach the infectious agent anywhere in the body; also be absolutely toxic to the infectious agent, while being nontoxic to the host; and remain active in the body as long as needed, yet safely and easily broken down and excreted. additionally, microbes in biofilms often require different drugs than when they are not in biofilms

2. Which method is least effective for anaerobic and slow growing bacteria?
3. Describe the relationship between the size of zone of inhibition and the degree of resistance of bacteria to the test antibiotic on Kirby

4. What is ‘minimum inhibitory concentration’?             (Pages 278-279)

5. What is a therapeutic index (TI)?

6. Distinguish between drug toxicity and allergic reactions to drug (pages 297-298).

Allergic drug reactions are NOT dependent on the dose of medication, and are totally unpredictable. An example of an allergic drug reaction is hives (also called urticaria). Drug toxicity, on the other hand, can often be related to the dose and duration of medication used.

7. Drugs that prevent the formation of the bacterial cell wall are
8. A compound synthesized by bacteria of fungi that destroys or inhibits the growth of other microbes is an
9. R factors are     that contain a code for                    .