Georgia State University - BIOLOGY 2300 immune response and Innate immunity Ch 14 1)The defense system utilizing highly specialized cells and chemicals that develop in response to specific organisms and foreign materials is the generalized defense system

Georgia State University - BIOLOGY 2300

immune response and Innate immunity Ch 14

1)The defense system utilizing highly specialized cells and chemicals that develop in response to specific organisms and foreign materials is the

1. 1. generalized defense system.
   2. innate immune system.
   3. adaptive immune system.

2. Where do all blood cells come from?

3. List four type of granulocytes

4. Where are mast cells located? And what is their role?

5. Leukocytes that contain histamines are:

6. List five mechanical and five chemical factors that are involved in preventing the attachment and invasion of microorganisms through the skin and mucous membrane

7. Describe the functions of the following cells

• • Neutrophils:
  • Basophils:
  • Eosinophils:

• • Monocytes:
  • Macrophages:
  • Lymphocytes:

8. Which cells are involved in the adaptive immune response. Which cells are involved in the innate immune response

9. List the outcomes of complement fixation (3 criteria)

10. List the 6 steps that occur during the process of phagocytosis

Name the membrane bound organelle of a phagocytic cell in which the pathogen is

destroyed

List the cells that are phagocytic.(2 cells)

11. Define the following:

• • Chemotaxis-
  • Phagosome-
  • Phagolysosome-
  • Lysosomes-
  • Opsonization-

12. What are the 4 cardinal signs of inflammation?

13. What is the aim of the process of inflammation ?

14. What is the role of cell adhesion molecules during the inflammatory process?

15. Can Neutrophil that exited the blood vessels return back to it?

16. What is the fate of neutrophils once they phagocytize and kill pathogens?

17. Which cells of the innate immunity are involved in allergic reaction

18. Which leukocytes are the most numerous in circulation?

19. Interferons, complement, lysozyme, and lactoferrin are all examples of nonspecific antimicrobial factors.

A- True

B- Falce

20. Interferons, complement, lysozyme, and lactoferrin are all examples of cytokines A- True

B- False

21. Complement proteins may disrupts the cytoplasmic membrane of invading bacteria and foreign cells.

A- True

B- False

22. c. Complement proteins are cosidered a part of the adaptive defense system. A-True

B-False

23. C3a and C5a are involved in inflammation.

A- True

B- False

24. C3a and C5a are involved interferon production.

A- True

B- False

25. C3a and C5a are involved enhancement of phagocytosis.

A -True B -False

26. C3b is involved in opsonization.

A- True

B- False

27. Ig G is involved in opsonization.

A-True B-False

28. C3b is involved ininterferon production.

A- True

B- False

29. C3b is involved inendotoxin production A- True

B- False

30. Which of the following are most susceptible to complement lysis?

a. Gram-positive bacteria b. Gram-negative bacteria

c. bacteriophages

c. prions

31. The cytokine produced by animal cells in response to viral infections is

1. complement.
2. lysozyme.
3. histamine. d. interferon.

32. Which of the following statements about interferon is incorrect? a. It only works on a few specific types of virus.

2. It makes cells resistant to viral infection.
3. It is a species specific molecule.
4. It does not directly inactivate viruses.

33. One of the strongest indications of infectious disease is nausea A- True

B- False

34. One of the strongest indications of infectious disease is headache. A- True

B- False

35. One of the strongest indications of infectious disease is fever A- True

B- False

36. List the two roles of mild Fever?

37. What are Toll-like receptors, Which type of cell carry them, and what type of reaction does this cell have upon in contact of toll-like with antigenic cells

38. What are interleukins, which cells produce them?