York University - KINE 4020 Nutrients for Blood Health MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1)Which of the following conditions is a common side effect from taking iron supplements? itching diarrhea constipation black tongue                                    What is the RDA for iron for females 19–50 years old? 8 mg 10 mg 18 mg   32 mg                                    A(n) enzyme in which zinc or copper is an integral part of its structure is classified as which of the fol- lowing? metalloenzyme enteroenzyme cytochromidase metallothionase                                    Zinc is required as a cofactor by more than how many enzymes?  a

York University - KINE 4020

Nutrients for Blood Health

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1)Which of the following conditions is a common side effect from taking iron supplements?

1. 1. itching
   2. diarrhea
   3. constipation
   4. black tongue

2. What is the RDA for iron for females 19–50 years old?
   1. 8 mg
   2. 10 mg
   3. 18 mg

1. 4. 32 mg

3. A(n) enzyme in which zinc or copper is an integral part of its structure is classified as which of the fol- lowing?
   1. metalloenzyme
   2. enteroenzyme
   3. cytochromidase
   4. metallothionase

4. Zinc is required as a cofactor by more than how many enzymes?

 a.   100

b.   125

c.   150

d.   172

5. Which of the following pairs defines an association between a protein and a function of zinc?
   1. thyroxine: zinc transporter
   2. globulin: transports zinc into cells
   3. transferrin: essential to zinc excretion
   4. metallothionein: promotes zinc homeostasis

6. Which of the following is a major binding protein for zinc?
   1. heparin
   2. ferritin
   3. hemosiderin
   4. metallothionein

7. Which of the following is known to regulate the absorption of zinc?
   1. metallothionein in the intestinal cells
   2. zinc-releasing enzymes in the intestinal mucosa
   3. pancreatic juice containing zinc-absorption enhancers
   4. bile acids which form a complex with zinc to promote its absorption

8. What is the bioavailability of dietary zinc?
   1. 2–5 percent
   2. 5–10 percent
   3. 15–40 percent
   4. 50–60 percent

9. Which of the following minerals undergoes enteropancreatic circulation during normal metabolism?
   1. iron
   2. zinc

1. 3. copper
   4. fluoride

10. Which of the following organs recycles zinc?
    1. pancreas
    2. heart
    3. kidneys
    4. gallbladder

11. Zinc is known to play an important role in which one of the following functions?
    1. wound healing
    2. synthesis of antibodies
    3. production of skin cells
    4. oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids

12. What dietary ratio of iron to zinc inhibits zinc absorption?
    1. 0.5 to 1
    2. 1 to 1
    3. 2 to 1
    4. Greater than 2 to 1

13. Which of the following would be the minimum amount of dietary iron known to impair zinc absorp- tion in an individual with a zinc intake of 15 mg?
    1. 5 mg
    2. 15 mg
    3. 30 mg
    4. 60 mg

14. Which of the following conditions is known to lead to copper deficiency?
    1. excess zinc
    2. excess protein
    3. insufficient iodine
    4. insufficient calcium

15. Which of the following is a known side effect of prolonged ingestion of excessive amounts of zinc supplements?
    1. iron toxicity due to increased ferritin synthesis
    2. zinc salt deposits in soft tissues such as the heart and kidneys
    3. copper deficiency due to interference with copper absorption
    4. mineral-binding protein deficiency due to a decrease in metallothionein production

16. Deficiency of which of the following minerals is associated with retarded growth and sexual develop- ment in children?
    1. iron
    2. zinc
    3. iodine
    4. chromium

17. Which of the following conditions is associated with zinc deficiency?
    1. altered taste
    2. kidney failure
    3. exhaustion
    4. skin rashes

18. Which of the following ranges is the current average Canadian intake for zinc?
    1. 2 - 3 mg/1000 kcal
    2. 3 - 4 mg/1000 kcal
    3. 4 - 5 mg/1000 kcal
    4. 5 - 6 mg/1000 kcal

19. Which of the following represents the most reliable dietary source of zinc?
    1. nuts and oils
    2. milk and yogurt
    3. fruits and vegetables
    4. meats and whole-grain cereals

20. Which of the following nutrients is highest in content in foods also high in zinc?
    1. fat
    2. fibre
    3. protein
    4. carbohydrate

21. Which of the following is known to result from excessive zinc intake?
    1. irritability
    2. exhaustion
    3. nerve cell damage
    4. excess urination

22. Under which of the following conditions are certain supplements of zinc reported to be beneficial?
    1. in the treatment of colds
    2. in the treatment of Menkes syndrome
    3. in the treatment of toxicity from certain other metals
    4. in the treatment of slow growth syndrome in Canadian children

23. What formulation of zinc has been found effective in treating the symptoms of the common cold?
    1. zinc chelator
    2. zinc gluconate
    3. zinc plus ferrous iron
    4. zinc plus copper salt

24. Which condition is commercially available zinc-containing lozenges advertised to be effective against?
    1. fatigue
    2. vitamin A toxicity
    3. the common cold
    4. slowing of the BMR

25. John has had a bad cold and he was advised to take zinc lozenges. Which of the following side effects might John experience while taking the lozenges?
    1. diarrhea
    2. bad taste reactions
    3. heartburn
    4. nose bleeds

26. What is the Tolerable Upper Intake Level for zinc?
    1. 20 mg
    2. 40 mg
    3. 80 mg
    4. 120 mg

27. Which of the following minerals functions primarily in reactions that consume oxygen?
    1. zinc
    2. copper
    3. chromium
    4. molybdenum

28. What is the Tolerable Upper Intake Level for copper?
    1. 1 mg
    2. 2.5 mg
    3. 7.5 mg
    4. 10 mg

29. Your aunt Thelma has been anemic for some time and was recently shown to be deficient in copper. Which of the following explains the association of copper and anemia?
    1. Copper is required for hemoglobin synthesis.
    2. Copper plays a role in wound healing, which prevents excessive blood loss.
    3. Anemia affects synthesis of protoporphyrin, which interferes with iron absorption.
    4. Copper is known to protect against free radical formation, which prevents excess damage

of red blood cells.

30. Excessive supplementation of copper can cause damage to which one of the body's organs?
    1. kidneys
    2. heart
    3. liver
    4. brain

31. The rare genetic disorders Menkes disease and Wilson’s disease result from abnormal utilization of which of the following minerals?
    1. iron
    2. zinc
    3. copper
    4. manganese

32. Which of the following is the body's elimination route for copper?
    1. urine
    2. bile
    3. feces
    4. sweat

33. Which one of the following protein-based foods would be the best source of copper?
    1. chicken
    2. shellfish
    3. lamb
    4. hamburger

34. Which of the following minerals is a cofactor in the formation of hemoglobin?
    1. iodine
    2. copper
    3. sodium
    4. calcium

35. Which of the following trace minerals is known to be involved in bone development?
    1. tin
    2. cobalt
    3. silicon
    4. barium

36. Which of the following trace minerals is required for normal reproduction?
    1. boron

1. 2. silver
   3. silicon
   4. vanadium

37. Which mineral is part of vitamin B12?
    1. copper
    2. cobalt
    3. nickel
    4. vanadium

38. Which one of the following is considered a heavy metal?
    1. iron
    2. copper
    3. silver
    4. cadmium

39. In the body, lead is known to significantly interfere with which of the following minerals?
    1. iron
    2. potassium
    3. magnesium
    4. selenium

40. With which of the following dietary components must iron closely interact to serve its function in oxy- gen delivery to body tissues?
    1. copper and vitamin C
    2. selenium and iodine
    3. zinc and vitamin A
    4. chromium and calcium

41. What term designates foods that contain non-nutrient substances which may provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition?
    1. health foods
    2. organic foods
    3. functional foods
    4. disease preventative foods

42. Which of the following foods is a rich source of phytoestrogens?
    1. potatoes

1. 2. soybeans
   3. cold-water fish
   4. green, leafy vegetables

43. Which of the following classes includes lycopene?
    1. lignan
    2. carotenoid
    3. phytoestrogen
    4. enzyme cofactor

44. Which one of the following is classified as a phytochemical?
    1. lutein
    2. lignans
    3. hepcidin
    4. phytosterols

45. Which of the following phytochemicals can be found in flaxseeds?
    1. lutein
    2. lignans
    3. sulforaphane
    4. organosulfur compounds

46. Along with soybeans, which of the following foods is credited with providing anti-cancer activity?
    1. apples
    2. potatoes
    3. tomatoes
    4. oranges

47. Which of the following is an antioxidant that helps to protect LDL cholesterol against oxidation?
    1. flavonoids
    2. lutein
    3. phytosterols
    4. lignans

48. Which of the following amounts of plant sterols (grams/day) has been recommended for adults by Health Canada?
    1. 1

1. 2. 2
   3. 3
   4. 4

49. Which one of the following would be the most economical functional food?
    1. margarine with phytosterols
    2. dairy products
    3. fruits and vegetables
    4. flaxseeds with lignans

50. Approximately how many phytochemicals are found in broccoli? a.      2500

b.   5000

c.   7500

d.   10000

1. Iron storage protein
2. Oxygen-carrying protein in muscle
3. Iron-containing protein in erythrocytes
4. Form of iron found only in animal flesh
5. Form of iron found in both plant and animal foods