a.

was the first radio station in America

b.

stood for Women’s Christian Temperance Union

c.

was the radio station Roosevelt made famous while president

d.

stood for Western Colorado Teamsters Union

e.

was the abbreviation of Western Connecticut University, where Wilson got his start as a professor

a.

converting Americans to socialism

b.

exposing social problems to the public

c.

increasing the circulation of sensationalist newspapers

d.

proposing detailed legislation

e.

destroying the Republican party

a.

George F. Baer

d.

Washington Gladden

b.

Ray Stannard Baker

e.

Ida M. Tarbell

c.

Henry Demarest Lloyd

a.

Standard Oil

d.

Congress

b.

McClure’s

e.

poverty in America

c.

J.P. Morgan Bank

a.

the initiative

d.

the poll tax

b.

the referendum

e.

the popular election of senators

c.

the party primary

a.

was an Oregon reformer responsible for many progressive measures enacted there

b.

wrote The Principles of Scientific Management

c.

was the progressive editor of Arena

d.

was founder of the National Child Labor Committee

e.

authored the bill on reclamation for the western states

a.

Atlanta, Georgia

d.

Springfield, Missouri

b.

Durham, North Carolina

e.

Columbia, South Carolina

c.

Galveston, Texas

a.

Lewis Hine

d.

Robert M. La Follette

b.

Hiram Johnson

e.

Louis Brandeis

c.

Florence Kelley

a.

adopt a socialist program of public ownership

b.

follow the principles of laissez-faire government

c.

regulate big business

d.

allow business to work out its own destiny

e.

lower taxes so that companies would raise wages

a.

to allow as many immigrant children to enter the workforce as possible

b.

to open more technical schools

c.

federal legislation allowing children to work more hours

d.

for laws prohibiting the employment of young children

e.

for mandatory scholarships for employees’ children

a.

Jews and Catholics

d.

Protestants and Catholics

b.

Protestants and Jews

e.

the federal government

c.

local government

a.

a strike resulted in the intervention of federal troops

b.

Frederick Taylor first applied his scientific management principles

c.

workers died as a result of a fire

d.

the labor force was found to be made up entirely of children

e.

Samuel Gompers first developed his idea for what became the Hepburn Act

a.

“a woman’s response to alcoholism and abuse”

b.

“urban enlightenment”

c.

“the upper-class prayer answered”

d.

“my duty as a mother to my children’s future”

e.

Christian humanitarianism

a.

child labor laws

d.

women to become ministers

b.

government-funded kindergartens

e.

the right to vote

c.

the eight-hour workday

a.

passed Congress, then went to the states for ratification

b.

was ratified by the states as the Eighteenth Amendment

c.

was overturned by the Twenty-first Amendment

d.

failed passage by Congress, but was ratified by the states anyway

e.

passed Congress but was vetoed by the president

a.

President Theodore Roosevelt won support for his use of the “big stick” against corporations

b.

thousands of striking miners marched on Washington, starting a riot that lasted three days

c.

President Theodore Roosevelt threatened to use the army to force strikers back to work

d.

arbitrators awarded the miners all their demands

e.

more than 800 miners and their families died in the Rockies

a.

The coal strike ended on October 23.

b.

In 1902, Roosevelt threatened to take over coal mines in West Virginia and Pennsylvania.

c.

UWA leaders called mine owners “wooden-headed.”

d.

Roosevelt once bellowed that “the Constitution is more important than coal!”

e.

The United Mine Workers walked off the job in Pennsylvania and West Virginia.

a.

to monitor the activities of interstate corporations

b.

to encourage the development of American industry

c.

to educate businesses about tariff standards

d.

to keep an eye on the lobbying efforts in Congress

e.

to educate businesses about new interpretations of the Fourteenth Amendment

a.

Booker T. Washington

d.

Upton Sinclair

b.

Ray Stannard Baker

e.

Ida Turnbell

c.

Theodore Roosevelt

a.

Chicago

d.

Maggie

b.

The Great American Fraud

e.

How the Other Half Lives

c.

The Jungle

a.

Massachusetts

d.

the Oregon Territory

b.

New York

e.

the Wyoming Territory

c.

the New Mexico Territory

a.

the National Woman Suffrage Association

b.

writing Man and Nature

c.

the anti-conservation movement

d.

San Francisco

e.

the Bureau of Reclamation

a.

the president’s chief speechwriter

b.

a strict prohibitionist who pushed for the Seventeenth Amendment

c.

one of the most famous muckrakers

d.

the attorney general who broke up the Northern Securities Company

e.

a forestry expert and leading conservationist

a.

believed strongly that natural resources should be preserved, but felt that this was a matter for state, not federal, action

b.

angered many conservationists by his appointment of Gifford Pinchot, a businessman with no experience in conservation, as head of the Division of Forestry

c.

used the Forest Reserve Act to withdraw over 170 million acres of timberland from logging

d.

vetoed a bill authorizing a National Conservation Commission

e.

angered western hunters by closing much of the western public lands

a.

Roosevelt supported the African American soldiers

b.

Roosevelt discharged the entire regiment of African American soldiers

c.

Congress impeached Roosevelt

d.

Congress protested Roosevelt’s actions

e.

The state of Texas discharged the entire African American regiment

a.

was Roosevelt’s choice as his successor

b.

was described by many journalists as “the ultimate politician”

c.

found solid support from voters only in the South and Southwest

d.

was, in the Republican tradition, opposed to a lower tariff

e.

eventually was elected president as a member of the Progressive party

a.

Theodore Roosevelt sought reelection

b.

the Democrats once again nominated William Jennings Bryan

c.

the Socialist vote practically disappeared

d.

prohibition became the major issue

e.

Taft lost to Cleveland

a.

overseas

d.

in the military

b.

within the Democratic party

e.

within his own party

c.

within the Progressive party

a.

a moderately high tariff

d.

a high tariff only on luxury items

b.

no tariff

e.

a drastically higher inheritance tax

c.

a lower tariff

a.

William Jennings Bryan

d.

William Howard Taft

b.

Herbert Croly

e.

Gifford Pinchot

c.

Louis Brandeis

a.

was able to unite a faction-ridden Republican party with his towering personality

b.

opposed both the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Amendments

c.

brought fewer than one third the number of anti-trust suits prosecuted under Roosevelt

d.

preserved more public lands in four years than Roosevelt had in nearly eight

e.

was the first divorcee to hold the office

a.

authorized the popular election of U.S. senators

b.

gave women the right to vote

c.

called for direct primaries

d.

authorized the federal income tax

e.

made the production and distribution of alcohol illegal

a.

was the Republican candidate

b.

campaigned for his “Bull Moose” program

c.

named George W. Norris as his vice-presidential running mate

d.

defeated Woodrow Wilson

e.

lost to Grover Cleveland

a.

a professor and college president

b.

the leading Roman Catholic politician at the turn of the century

c.

the progressive governor of Oregon

d.

influenced mainly by Populist reformers

e.

the first Californian to win the White House

a.

Eugene V. Debs

d.

Woodrow Wilson

b.

Theodore Roosevelt

e.

Grover Cleveland

c.

William Howard Taft

a.

William Jennings Bryan

d.

Theodore Roosevelt

b.

Woodrow Wilson

e.

Eugene V. Debs

c.

William Howard Taft

a.

many Republicans supported his nomination

b.

wealthy Democrats poured millions of dollars into his campaign

c.

the United States was at war

d.

people liked Mrs. Wilson

e.

the Republican party had split in two

a.

Taft’s support for lower tariffs

b.

Taft’s reduction in the size of the navy

c.

Taft’s anti-trust suit against United States Steel Corporation

d.

Taft’s support for the federal income tax

e.

Taft’s firing of Pinchot

a.

proposed vigorous anti-trust action to break up corporate concentration

b.

accepted gigantic corporations as a fact of modern economic life

c.

was the creation of a writer named Herbert Croly

d.

was the reason he won the 1912 election

e.

was vehemently opposed by Louis Brandeis

a.

raised the average tariff and hence was supported by Wilson

b.

lowered the average tariff and hence was opposed by Wilson

c.

raised the average tariff and hence was opposed by Wilson

d.

lowered the average tariff and hence was supported by Wilson

e.

kept tariffs the same as under Taft and Roosevelt

a.

refuse to support a federal amendment for women’s suffrage

b.

allow the spread of racist practices in the federal government

c.

withhold support for federal child-labor legislation

d.

fail to reorganize the banking system

e.

oppose a bill for low-interest loans to farmers

a.

Louis Brandeis

d.

Josephus Daniels

b.

Champ Clark

e.

William Howard Taft

c.

Colonel Edward House

a.

was more lenient toward big business than was the Sherman Anti-Trust Act

b.

outlawed price discrimination and interlocking directorates

c.

was originally opposed by labor union leaders

d.

was considered by Theodore Roosevelt the crowning achievement of his administration

e.

made it possible for corporate officials to be held responsible for violations

a.

make currency and bank credit more elastic

b.

create twelve Federal Reserve banks

c.

lessen the power of the huge New York banks

d.

serve as the first major banking and currency reform in half a century

e.

shifted the U.S. Treasury back to the gold standard

a.

gain effective national power for Democrats for the first time in over half a century

b.

signal the return of southerners to national and international affairs for the first time since the Civil War

c.

alter the character of the Republican party, making it more conservative

d.

offer a high-water mark for progressivism

e.

bring the same man to the White House in nonconsecutive terms

a.

secretary of state

d.

secretary of the interior

b.

secretary of the navy

e.

secretary of transportation

c.

secretary of war

a.

was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court

b.

led the conservative opposition to federal labor laws

c.

was Theodore Roosevelt’s vice-presidential running mate in 1912

d.

was president of the Tennessee Coal and Iron Company

e.

ran the Federal Farm Loan Board

a.

passed in 1889

b.

was vetoed by pro-railroad politicians

c.

passed in 1916

d.

illustrated the power of the Ford family

e.

authorized a mere $10 million in funds

a.

restricted child labor

b.

provided low-interest loans to farmers

c.

provided federal funds to build highways

d.

established the eight-hour day for railroad workers

e.

made the consumption of alcohol legal for soldiers

a.

reformers were generally pessimistic about finding solutions to social ills

b.

voter turnout increased

c.

many groups—blacks, the poor, the unorganized—had little influence

d.

conservative politicians destroyed any semblance of a welfare state

e.

Roosevelt proved that the president ultimately has his hands tied

a.

was the original “efficiency expert”

b.

was the Democratic presidential candidate in 1904

c.

wrote The Jungle

d.

was a Socialist party presidential candidate multiple times

e.

was the Progressive party presidential candidate in 1912

f.

influenced New Nationalism with The Promise of American Life

g.

wrote Congressional Government

h.

wrote articles for McClure’s

i.

served on the Ohio Supreme Court

j.

was the first Jewish member of the Supreme Court