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England and Scotland both produce scones and sweaters
England and Scotland both produce scones and sweaters. Suppose that an English worker can produce 50 scones per hour or 1 sweater per hour. Suppose that a Scottish worker can produce 40 scones per hour or 2 sweaters per hour.
A) Which country has the absolute advantage in the production 0f each good? Which country has the comparative advantage?
B) If England and Scotland decide to trade, which commodity will Scotland trade to England? Explain.
C) If a Scottish worker could produce only 1 sweater per hour, would Scotland still gain from trade? Explain.
Expert Solution
A) England has an absolute advantage in scones and Scotland has an absolute advantage in sweaters. In this instance the absolute and comparative advantages are the same so England has a comparative advantage in scones and Scotland has an comparative advantage in sweaters.
B) Since Scotland has a comparative advantage in sweaters then they will trade sweaters to England for scones.
C) Scotland does not gain from trade if their worker can only produce 1 sweater an hour because it loses its comparative advantage over England. It is better for Scotland to make its own scones and sweaters.
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