Macroeconomics involves the study of how the limited resources are utilized by a whole economy in production of goods and services for consumption. Economies can be those of state or even the world. The overall decisions concerning the economic factors affecting the whole economy are made. The economic factors affecting the state include the total national earning, the rate of employment, inflation and deflation rates and the total worth of the goods and services produced in the state among others.

The most important part of macroeconomics is the aggregate of all the individual deals across the economy. Individuals conduct free trade because the state cannot produce all the goods required by all the individuals in the economy. Therefore, the sum of all the individuals' trading is important in macroeconomics.