Macroeconomics involves the study of the entire economy. The way the limited resources are utilized by a whole economy in production of goods and services for consumption is analyzed. Economies can be those of state or even the world. The overall decisions concerning the economic factors affecting the whole economy are made. The economic factors affecting the state include the total national earning, the rate of employment, inflation and deflation rates and the total worth of the goods and services produced in the state among others.

In macroeconomics, an assignment problem is a difficulty in making decision about the best way to allocate the limited resources which cannot be shared between two sectors with unlimited wants. This calls for the analysis of the cost benefits for the different choices available for allocation of resources in order to determine the best option. This is done keeping in mind the regulations that are provided about the problem.