1)The midbrain dopaminergic cell groups have been shown to play important roles in motor function, motivation, and cognition

1)The midbrain dopaminergic cell groups have been shown to play important roles in motor function, motivation, and cognition. Much of this information has been obtained using either neurotoxins to damage/kill the cells or genetic engineering methods to produce a biochemical DA deficiency (i.e., DD mice). Compare and contrast these methodological approaches, and then discuss the behavioral characteristics of laboratory animals that have been generated using one or the other technique.

2)Describe:- (a) the behavioral functions of the mesolimbic versus the mesocortical dopaminergic pathways, and  (b) the involvement of different subsets of VTA dopaminergic neurons in responding to rewarding versus aversive stimuli.