What is the dawn phenomena? What is the somogyi effect? What is the effect of exercise on insulin dosing? What should be established before exercising? When should exercise never be done? What are the effects of a increased temperature on insulin? What is the mechanism of sulfonylureas? Who are sulonylureas not effective with and why? What is the prototype sulfonylureas? what are the indications for sulfonylureas?

1. What is the dawn phenomena?

when glucose levels in the body rise around 3-6 am

2. What is the somogyi effect?

the decrease in blood glucose around 9 to midnight only to spike from there on

3. What is the effect of exercise on insulin dosing?

exercise has an insulin like effect indcuing the mucles to uptake glucose and amino acids, may require a snack or decreased insulin dose to maintain adequate blood glucose, and the safest time is ater a meal

4. What should be established before exercising?

target heart rates after a stress test is used to establish maximum heart rate

5. When should exercise never be done?

after fasting glucose is greater than 280 mg/nl, because it indicates the muscles are starving, the glucise should be reduced and monitored before, after and during exercise

6. What are the effects of a increased temperature on insulin?

increase the rate of absorption of the SC injection

7. What is the mechanism of sulfonylureas?

stimulate the release of insulin from B-cells by closing the potassium channels, and thus opening calicium channels within the B cell releasing insulin and increase the sensitivity of the peripheral tissues to insulin

8. Who are sulonylureas not effective with and why?

Type 1 diabetics because they no ability to create endogenous insulin

9. What is the prototype sulfonylureas?

Glyburide

10. what are the indications for sulfonylureas?

uncomplicated Type II diabetics who cannot control their blood glucose through diet alone