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DC Circuits I Open Circuit Construction Kit DC

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DC Circuits I Open Circuit Construction Kit DC. Build a simple circuit with a battery, light bulb (resistance) and wires. Click on “Values” so you can see the voltage and the resistances. Use the voltmeter to measure the voltage across the battery and then across the light bulb. What are the values? Are they equal? Note the resistance of the light bulb. What is it? Using Ohm’s Law V = IR find the current in this circuit. Grab the ammeter and measure the current in the circuit. Does this measurement agree with the calculation you did above? Move the ammeter around the circuit. Does the current change or does it stay the same? Click on the light bulb. The resistor slider should pop up at the bottom of the screen. Use the resistance slider to change the resistance of the light bulb to 20 ?. What happens to the current? Use the resistance slider to change the resistance of the light bulb to 5.0 ?. What happens to the current? Slide the resistance back to 10 ? and add a second light bulb in series with the first. If you click on a junction a pair of scissors in a yellow circle will pop up. Click on the scissors to break the junction. Measure the voltage across both light bulbs. What are they? Light Bulb 1 (10 ?) Voltage (V) 2 (10 ?) Are the voltages across the light bulbs equal to the battery voltage? Is the sum of the voltages equal to the battery voltage? Measure the current in the circuit. How does it compare to the current when there was only one light bulb? Increase Light Bulb 1 to 20 ?. Measure the voltage across the two resistances. Is one voltage greater than the other? How do they relate to the voltage from the battery? Light Bulb 1 (20 ?) Voltage (V) 2 (10 ?) Which resistor had more voltage dropped across it, the 20 ? or the 10 ?? Why might this be? Measure the current around the circuit. Does it change or does it stay the same? Set up a circuit with two 10 ? resistors in parallel. Measure the voltage across each. How do the compare to the voltage supplied by the battery? Light Bulb 1 (10 ?) Voltage (V) 2 (10 ?) Measure the current as it leaves the battery. What is it? Measure the current through each resistor. How do they compare to the total current? Light Bulb 1 (10 ?) Current (A) 2 (10 ?) Change Light Bulb 1’s resistance to 20 ?. Measure the voltage across both resistors. Did they change? Measure the current through the 10 ? and the 20 ?. Are they different. If so which resistor did more current pass through? Light Bulb 1 (20 ?) Current (A) 2 (10 ?) How do the two currents compare to the current from the battery? Electromagnetic Induction (Faraday’s Law) Open Faraday’s Law simulation. You move the North Pole of the magnet into the coil, increasing the magnetic field (White lines). The electrons generate their own magnetic field (Red lines) in the opposite direction to try to cancel out the change you are imposing on them. If we curl the fingers of out right hand around the coil in the direction of the magnetic field desired by the electrons our thumb point in the direction of the current. Click on the loop icon so that you have both the N = 2 loops and the N = 4 loops. Start with the North pole of the magnet closest to the coil. Move the magnet slowly into the N = 4 loops and note the brightness of the bulb as well as the deflection of the galvanometer indicator. Try to do the same with the same speed through the N = 2 loops. Was there a difference? If so, for which number of loops did the light bulb became brighter? Which way did the needle deflect (to the right or to the left)? Move the magnet slowly into the N = 4 loops to remind yourself of the brightness of the bulb and the deflection of the indicator. Then move the magnet much faster and note the brightness of the bulb and the deflection of the indicator. Was there more brightness with one compared to the other? Was there more deflection with one compared to the other? Which motion caused more movement by the needle as well as generating more light from the light bulb? If you move the magnet into the coil and just leave it there in a stationary position, what happens to the brightness of the bulb. What happens to the indicator? Explain why this happens. Which way does the indicator needle deflect when you move the north pole of the magnet into the loops? (To the left or to the right?) Is this what you would expect from using the right-hand-rule? Which way does the indicator needle deflect when you pull the north pole of the magnet out of the loops? (To the left or to the right?) Is this what you would expect from using the right-hand-rule? Turn the magnet around so that the south pole enters the loops first. Which way did the indicator deflect? In which situation did the indicator deflect in the same direction with the north pole? Pull the south pole out of the loops. Which way did the indicator deflect? In which situation did the indicator deflect in the same direction with the north pole? Move the South Pole of the magnetic in and out of the coils. How is the magnitude of the current and brightness of the light bulb affected by the number of loops (2 or 4) the magnetic moves in and out of? Is this the same as moving the North Pole in and out of the coil? How does the speed of the magnet in and out of the coil affect the amount of deflection of the needle as well as the brightness of the light bulb? Is this the same as moving the North Pole in and out of the coil? Physics 360 Lab: Ohm’s Law Open the PhET simulation Ohm’s Law simulation. Move the resistance slider down to 100?. Keep the voltage at 4.5V. Record the current in the table below. Repeat up to 600? in increments of 100?. Voltage (V) Resistance (?) Current (mA) 4.5 100 4.5 200 4.5 300 4.5 400 4.5 500 4.5 600 What did the current do as the resistance increased? Is this consistent with Ohm’s Law? If we solve Ohm’s Law for current we get I = V/R. Use this equation to calculate the current for 4.5V and 200?. Show your work. Does your calculated answer agree with the value found in the simulation? Reset the simulation so that the resistance returns to 500?. Leave the resistance at 500? and use the voltage slider to set the voltage at 1.0V. Record the value of the current in the table below. Increase the voltage up to 6.0V in increments of 1.0V and fill in the table. Voltage (V) Resistance(?) Current (mA) 1.0 500 2.0 500 3.0 500 4.0 500 5.0 500 6.0 500 What did the current do as the resistance increased? Is this consistent with Ohm’s Law? Use Ohm’s Law to calculate the current if 3.0V are dropped across a 500? resistor. Show your work. Does your calculated answer agree with the value found in the simulation? Open Resistance in a Wire. Move the resistivity slider up and down. How does the resistance react? What can we say about the relationship between resistance and resistivity? Move the length slider up and down. How does the resistance react? What can we say about the relationship between resistance and length? Why might this be the case? Move the area slider up and down. How does the resistance react? What can we say about the relationship between resistance and area? Why might this be the case? Open Circuit Construction Kit DC. Build a simple circuit with a battery, light bulb (resistance) and wires. Use the voltmeter to measure the voltage across the battery and then across the light bulb. What are the values? Are they equal? Click on the light bulb to see its resistance. What is it? Using Ohm’s Law V = IR find the current in this circuit. Grab the ammeter and measure the current in the circuit. Does this measurement agree with the calculation you did above? Use the resistance slider to change the resistance of the light bulb to 20 ?. What happens to the current? Use Ohm’s Law to confirm that your calculated answer for the current agrees with the value found in the simulation. Show your work. Use the resistance slider to change the resistance of the light bulb to 5.0 ?. What happens to the current? Use Ohm’s Law to confirm that your calculated answer for the current agrees with the value found in the simulation. Show your work. PhET Bending Light Google PhET; Select Physics; Select Bending Light. https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/bending-light/latest/bending-light_en.html 1) Move the protractor to the perpendicular. 2) Place the center of the protractor at the boundary. 3) Turn on the light. 4) Place light so that the angle of incidence is 30°. 5) Record the angle of reflection. _____ 6) Record the angle of refraction. _____ 7) Use ?1 ????1 = ?2 ????2 (??? ?? ??????????) to calculate the index of refraction of water, using the fact that the i9ndex of refraction in air is 1.00. 8) Place light so that the angle of incidence is 60°. 9) Record the angle of reflection. _____ Record the angle of refraction. _____ Use this angle to once again calculate the index of refraction of water. Is it the same as calculated on question 7? 10) Turn on wave option and note what the wave front does at the boundary. 11) Turn off wave option. 12) Change water medium to glass medium and note what happens to the angle of refraction. 13) Record the angle of reflection. _____ Record the angle of refraction. _____ Use this angle to once again calculate the index of refraction of water. Is it the same as calculated on question 7? 14) Switch the top medium from air to glass and the bottom medium from water to air, One case we can take advantage of in fields such as fiber optics is total internal refraction. Here the light never travels passed the boundary, which means when this first occurs the angle of refraction is 90°. If going from glass to air, at what incident angle would we first see total internal refraction? ?? ????? = ?? ???90°