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Homework answers / question archive /   used to correct metabolic acidosis *sodium overload, renal calculi & metabolic alkalosis (blood acidity) - interacts with steroids promotes potassium secretion and sodium absorption - used to treat hyperkalemia *sodium retention, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia - used very carefully in heart patients, edema & HTN can be given PO/PR - mix with juice if given orally retain enema for 30-60 minutes after administration irrigate the colon with non-sodium containing fluid after the solution is expelled used to treat hypokalemia in patients on diuretics, with potassium loss due to NVD, abuse of laxatives & those with GI problems *NVD, abdominal discomfort, ulceration, hyperkalemia - watch closely with ACE inhibitors Oral - mix powder in 4 oz of liquid IV - never give undiluted potassium via IV, it can cause fatal hyperkalemia

  used to correct metabolic acidosis *sodium overload, renal calculi & metabolic alkalosis (blood acidity) - interacts with steroids promotes potassium secretion and sodium absorption - used to treat hyperkalemia *sodium retention, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia - used very carefully in heart patients, edema & HTN can be given PO/PR - mix with juice if given orally retain enema for 30-60 minutes after administration irrigate the colon with non-sodium containing fluid after the solution is expelled used to treat hypokalemia in patients on diuretics, with potassium loss due to NVD, abuse of laxatives & those with GI problems *NVD, abdominal discomfort, ulceration, hyperkalemia - watch closely with ACE inhibitors Oral - mix powder in 4 oz of liquid IV - never give undiluted potassium via IV, it can cause fatal hyperkalemia

Management

 

  1. used to correct metabolic acidosis

    *sodium overload, renal calculi & metabolic alkalosis (blood acidity) - interacts with steroids
  2. promotes potassium secretion and sodium absorption - used to treat hyperkalemia

    *sodium retention, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia - used very carefully in heart patients, edema & HTN
  3. can be given PO/PR - mix with juice if given orally

    retain enema for 30-60 minutes after administration

    irrigate the colon with non-sodium containing fluid after the solution is expelled
  4. used to treat hypokalemia in patients on diuretics, with potassium loss due to NVD, abuse of laxatives & those with GI problems

    *NVD, abdominal discomfort, ulceration, hyperkalemia - watch closely with ACE inhibitors
  5. Oral - mix powder in 4 oz of liquid

    IV - never give undiluted potassium via IV, it can cause fatal hyperkalemia. No more than 40mEq/L, no faster than 10mEq/hr

    *potassium burns the vein
  6. used for people with hypomagnesium, to prevent low magnesium levels - normal is 1.3-2.1

    *respiratory depression, cardiac depression, neuromuscular blockade, diarrhea & use cautiously in patients with cardiac or renal disease
  7. depressed or absent deep tendon reflex

    *Calcium gluconate is the antidote
  8. used with caution in people who are pregnant, lactating, have decreased GI function, kidney disease or are dehydration

    *interact with glucocorticoids, tetrcycline & thyroid hormone - reduces their absorption; increased risk of hypercalcemia with thiazide diuretics
  9. used to treat post-menopausal osteoporosis & for protection against breast cancer

    increased risk of PE & DVT, need to discourage long periods of inactivity & stop prior to surgery

    *causes hot flashes and is not for pregnant women or those with a history or DVT & PE
  10. used to treat/prevent post-menopausal osteoporosis

    *esophagitis, must be able to stand for 30 minutes after administration

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