1. alcohal

c-o-h

2. alkyne

c triple bonded

3. alkene

c double bonded

4. aldehyde

c-h and c also double bonded to o

5. keytone

c-c-c and one c double bonded to O

6. amine

c-n

7. nitrile

c-c triple bonded to and N

8. amide

c-n and c is also doubled to an O

9. haloalkane

c-halogen

10. ester

c-o-c with first c also double bonded to an O

11. caboxylic acid

c-o-h with first c also double bonded to an O