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FPT University BUE 201 CHAPTER 6 1)Some employers might decide to treat employees well as a means to produce greater workplace harmony and productivity

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FPT University

BUE 201

CHAPTER 6

1)Some employers might decide to treat employees well as a means to produce greater workplace harmony and productivity. This approach is reminiscent of       ethics.

A.            deontological B. utilitarian

 

C. virtue

D. Kantian

 

2.            Some employers emphasize the rights and duties of all employees, and treat employees well simply because "it is the right thing to do." Identify the ethical approach for this perspective.

a.            Virtue ethics

b.            Utilitarianism

c.             Deontological ethics

d.            Classicism

 

 

 

 

3.            Which of the following statements is true about the right of due process?

a.            In legal contexts, due process refers to the procedures that police and courts must follow in exercising their authority over citizens.

b.            Few dispute that the state, through its police and courts, has the authority to punish citizens. This authority of the state is the right of due process.

c.             Due process in the workplace acknowledges employees' authority over an employer.

d.            In legal contexts, due process refers to the unlimited authority that police and courts have over citizens, to create a safe and orderly society.

 

 

 

4.            Identify the correct statement about "bullying."

a.            The mistreatment of an employee needs to be physically threatening to be termed as bullying.

b.            Bullying does not involve a boss who is constantly yelling dictates at workers because that is his job.

c.             When a coworker spreads rumors about another in order to sabotage his position, he is not bullying because he is not higher than the other employee in the hierarchy of authority.

d.            Bullying can lead to a complete loss of personal dignity, intimidation, and fear.

 

 

 

 

5.            The issue of workplace bullying is more predominant in the service sector because:

a.            it lacks the right of due process.

b.            that work relies significantly on interpersonal relationships and interaction.

c.             of its strong hierarchy of authority.

d.            most of the organizations in this sector are decentralized.

 

 

 

6.            Identify the doctrine which holds that employers are free to fire an employee at any time and for any reason, unless an agreement specifies otherwise.

a.            The doctrine of estoppel

b.            The doctrine of constructive notice

c.             The doctrine of constructive dismissal D. The doctrine of employment at will

 

 

 

7.            Which of the following statements about the doctrine of employment at will (EAW) is true?

a.            Employment at will holds that employers can fire an employee at any time, but have to provide them with a valid reason.

b.            The freedom to terminate the employer-employee relationship is mutual, both theoretically and practically.

c.             The ethical rationale for EAW has both utilitarian and deontological elements.

d.            Civil rights laws is not an exception to the EAW because it prohibits firing someone on the basis of membership in certain prohibited classes.

 

 

8.            During to process of downsizing, allowing a worker to remain in a position for a period of time once she or he has been notified of impending termination might not be the best option. Identify the correct justification for this statement.

a.            Workers will interpret early notice as an effort to allow them time to come to grips with the loss of their jobs.

b.            Terminated workers will not be inclined to put their best effort, which might result in lost revenues.

c.             Workers who are not terminated will have a bad impression about the organization for terminating their coworkers.

d.            Terminated workers may interpret early notice as an effort to get the most out of them before departure.

 

 

 

9.            Health and safety are "goods" that are valued both as a means for attaining other valuable ends and as ends in themselves. What does this statement imply?

a.            Health and safety have instrumental value and intrinsic value.

b.            Employers are responsible to provide a completely safe and healthy workplace.

c.             Financial compensation can replace the value of life lost due to lack of health and safety measures.

d.            Employers do not have the right to fire employees on grounds of health and safety.

 

 

 

10.          Discussions in ethics about employee health and safety tend to focus on the relative risks workers face and the level of acceptable workplace risk because:

a.            workers' compensation is easier to calculate.

b.            employers cannot be responsible for providing an ideally safe and healthy workplace.

c.             insurance laws mandate the focus on relative risks and acceptability of workplace risk.

d.            it results in a completely safe and healthy workplace.

 

 

11.          Comparison of the probabilities of harm involved in various activities would determine the:

a.            acceptable level of risks.

b.            absolute risks.

c.             speculative risks. D. relative risks.

 

 

 

12.          When can we conclude that an activity has an "acceptable level of risk?"

a.            If it can be determined that the probability of harm involved in a specific work activity is manageable.

b.            If the probability of harm involved in a specific work activity is acceptable by insurance and workers' compensation laws.

c.             If it can be determined that the probability of harm involved in a specific work activity is equal to or less than the probability of harm of some more common activity.

d.            If the employers are willing to compensate the harm caused to workers for a specific activity.

 

 

 

13.          Which of the following approaches to health and safety at the workplace can be considered paternalistic decision making which treats employees like children and makes crucial decisions for them?

a.            Government-regulated ethics approach

b.            Diversifiable risk approach C. Acceptable risk approach

D. Market controlled approach

 

 

 

14.          Identify the challenge faced by the acceptable risk approach to health and safety?

a.            It is a liberal approach to health and safety that allows employees to recognize the risk they are likely to face.

b.            It involves the determination of "relative risks," the calculation of which is a complicated process and not always reliable.

c.             Assumes differences between workplace risks and other types of risks when there are significant similarities between them.

d.            It ignores the fundamental deontological right an employee might have to a safe and healthy working environment.

 

 

 

 

15.          Which of the following statements is true about the market controlled approach to health and safety?

a.            It treats employees disrespectfully by ignoring their input as stakeholders.

b.            In this approach, employees would be free to choose the risks they are willing to face by bargaining with employers.

c.             It assumes an equivalency between workplace risks and other types of risks when there are significant differences between them.

d.            It calls for the determination of comparison of probabilities of harm involved in various activities.

 

 

 

16.          Enlightened self-interest would be a valuable theory to introduce and apply in the         

approach to health and safety. A. market controlled

B.            integrative

C.            acceptable risk

D.            government-regulated

 

 

 

17.          Which of the following problems are associated with the market controlled approach to health and safety?

a.            Employees do not know the risks involved in a job and therefore they will not be in a position to freely bargain for appropriate wages.

b.            It ignores the fundamental deontological right an employee might have to a safe and healthy working environment.

c.             It assumes an equivalency between workplace risks and other types of risks when there are significant differences between them.

d.            It treats employees disrespectfully by ignoring their input as stakeholders.

 

 

 

18.          Identify the correct statement about government standards in the government-regulated ethics approach to health and safety.

a.            Due to its focus on prevention rather than compensation, standards cannot address the "first generation" problem of the market controlled approach to health and safety.

b.            Standards would favor individual bargaining between employers and employees as the approach to workplace health and safety.

c.             Standards can overcome market failures that result from insufficient information.

d.            Standards call for the determination of comparison of probabilities of harm involved in various activities.

 

 

 

19.          Identify the approach that allows the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to make tradeoffs between health and economics.

a.            Sustainability approach

b.            Integrative approach

c.             Market controlled approach D. Feasibility approach

 

 

 

20.          Critics in both industry and government argue that OSHA should aim to achieve the optimal, rather than highest feasible, level of safety. Which of the following can be used to achieve this goal?

a.            Cost-utility analysis

b.            Cost-minimization analysis C. Cost-benefit analysis

D. Cost-effectiveness analysis

 

 

21.          Identify the distinguishing feature between cost-benefit analysis and cost-effectiveness.

a.            Cost-effectiveness is ethically problematic.

b.            Cost-benefit analysis adopts the most efficient means available to achieving a particular standard.

c.             Cost-benefit analysis is ethically problematic.

d.            Cost-effectiveness uses economic criteria before setting the standards.

 

 

 

22.          Which of the following statement is true about the cost-benefit analysis?

a.            It treats health and safety merely as an intrinsic value and denies its instrumental value. B. It requires that an economic value be placed on one's life and bodily integrity.

C. It adopts the least expensive and most efficient means available to achieve existing standards.

D. It uses ethical criteria in setting standards.

 

 

 

23.          According to the universal principle of Kantian philosophy, the ethical obligation of         

should guide employment interactions.

a.            family responsibilities B. respect for people

C. honesty

D. core customs

 

 

 

24.          The ‘Tripartite' part of the Tripartite Declaration of Principles Concerning Multinational Enterprises and Social Policy refers to all of the following except critical cooperation necessary from:

a.            governments.

b.            employers' and workers' organizations.

c.             multinational enterprises involved.

d.            the suppliers and agents associated with the firm.

 

 

25.          "BullyZBroads" is a corporate coaching program designed to help:

a.            men adjust with women who act like bullies.

b.            women understand how their conception of what it takes to get ahead can be viewed negatively.

c.             women understand the importance of behaving similar to that of their male counterparts.

d.            men adjust to the idea of women having to act like bullies in a male-dominated society.

 

 

 

26.          Which of the following is discrimination against those traditionally considered to be in power or the majority?

a.            Reverse discrimination

b.            Affirmative action

c.             Inverse discrimination

d.            Backward discrimination

 

 

 

27.          Which of the following is an example of reverse discrimination in America?

a.            An African-American interviewer rejects another African-American based on color. B. A female interviewer rejects a male interviewee because of gender.

C. A white interviewer rejects an African-American based on color.

D. A female interviewer rejects another female interviewee because of gender.

 

 

 

28.          An organization, in an attempt to avoid discrimination suits filed against it, intentionally hires a lot of black women, and a few disabled people. Which of the following is most likely to occur?

a.            The performance of the organization will increase.

b.            The organization will win an award for equity.

c.             There will be an increase in the number of diversity training sessions. D. A white man or a woman will file a reverse discrimination suit.

 

 

 

29.          Which of the following refers to a policy or a program that tries to respond to instances of past discrimination by implementing proactive measures to ensure equal opportunity today?

a.            Gentrification

b.            Bully Broads

c.             Just cause

d.            Affirmative action

 

 

 

30.          All of the following are ways through which affirmative action can arise at the workplace except:

a.            through legal ways.

b.            through judicial affirmative action. C. consultant based affirmative action.

D. voluntary affirmative action plans.

 

 

 

31.          The law relating to affirmative action applies only to about 20 percent of the workforce who are subject to Executive Order 11246, which requires affirmative action efforts to ensure equal opportunity. Which of the following is required by courts in order to remedy a finding of past discrimination, when Executive Order 11246 is not applicable?

a.            Voluntary affirmative action B. Judicial affirmative action

C. Quasi-affirmative action

D. Executive affirmation action

 

 

 

32.          Which of the following affirmative action plans would include training plans and programs, focused recruiting activity, or the elimination of discrimination?

a.            Quasi-affirmative action

b.            Executive affirmation action

 

c.             Judicial affirmative action D. Voluntary affirmative action

 

 

 

33.          When it is claimed that people that ‘pay' for wrongs are unfairly burdened and should not bear the responsibility for the acts of others, they are opposing to:

a.            reverse discrimination.

b.            judicial activity within organizations. C. affirmative action.

D. authoritative leadership.