University of Illinois, Chicago

NURS 531

Chapter 49: Drug addiction, dependence, and abuse

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1)All dependence-producing drugs act via different pathways to cause

1. depletion of norepinephrine in the locus coeruleus
2. depletion of dopamine in nigrostriatal pathways
3. depletion of glutamate in meso-limbic pathways

4. the release of glutamate in the frontal cortex
5. the release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens

2.    Chronic administration of morphine is believed to cause tolerance by

1. increasing expression of adenylate cyclase
2. decreasing expression of adenylate cyclase
3. increasing expression of guanylate cyclase
4. decreasing expression of guanylate cyclase
5. increasing expression of a-adrenoceptors

3.    Nicotine use often leads to drug dependence by activation of nicotinic receptors in the

1. nucleus accumbens
2. hippocampus
3. ventral tegmental area
4. cerebral cortex
5. striatum

4.    Disulfiram has been used to facilitate abstinence from ethanol based on its ability to inhibit

1. the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway
2. ethanol withdrawal symptoms
3. alcohol dehydrogenase
4. aldehyde dehydrogenase
5. aldehyde oxidase

5.    The effects that result from smoking marijuana include

1. improved motor coordination
2. improved memory
3. increased creativity
4. loss of appetite
5. conjunctival vasodilatation

6.    Which drug is used in the treatment of drug dependence because of its ability to reduce withdrawal symptoms?

1. clonidine
2. methadone
3. bupropion
4. naltrexone
5. acamprosate

7.    The fetal alcohol syndrome is associated with malformations that typically include