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University of Illinois, Chicago NURS 531 Chapter 8: Drug absorption and distribution MULTIPLE CHOICE 1)Concerning the effect of pH on the urinary excretion of drugs, it can be correctly stated that urinary acidification accelerates excretion of weak acids and bases urinary alkalinization accelerates excretion of weak acids and bases urinary acidification accelerates excretion of weak acids urinary alkalinization accelerates excretion of weak acids urinary alkalinization has no effect on excretion of weak bases 2
University of Illinois, Chicago
NURS 531
Chapter 8: Drug absorption and distribution MULTIPLE CHOICE
1)Concerning the effect of pH on the urinary excretion of drugs, it can be correctly stated that
- urinary acidification accelerates excretion of weak acids and bases
- urinary alkalinization accelerates excretion of weak acids and bases
- urinary acidification accelerates excretion of weak acids
- urinary alkalinization accelerates excretion of weak acids
- urinary alkalinization has no effect on excretion of weak bases
2. Bioavailability is defined as the proportion of ingested drug that
- is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
- reaches the systemic circulation in an active form
- crosses the blood-brain barrier
- is unbound to plasma proteins
- is distributed to the target tissue
3. The rectal route of administration
- provides nearly 100 percent bioavailability
- is only used for localized effects
- is suitable for persons with nausea and vomiting
- is subject to a high degree of first-pass metabolism
- is used for administration of nitroglycerin
4. The passage of drugs across the blood-brain barrier
- is facilitated by a high degree of drug ionization
- is most rapid for drugs with low lipid solubility
- occurs more readily in the chemoreceptor trigger zone
- is reduced by inflammation of the meninges
- is rapid with aminoglycoside antibiotics
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5. |
A calculated volume of distribution greater than total body water is most likely to occur with drugs that are |
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1. |
highly ionized |
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2. |
highly lipid soluble |
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3. |
subject to a high degree of first-pass inactivation |
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4. |
highly bound to plasma proteins |
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5. |
very large molecules |
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6. |
Drugs are most readily absorbed across cells of the |
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1. |
gastrointestinal tract |
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2. |
renal tubules |
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3. |
vascular endothelium |
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4. |
lung parenchyma |
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5. |
liver |
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7. |
The binding of drugs to plasma albumin |
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1. |
is usually irreversible |
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2. |
is saturable |
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3. |
is most important for basic drugs |
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4. |
accelerates drug metabolism |
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5. |
accelerates drug excretion |
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8. |
Most drugs are absorbed across cell membranes of the gut by the process of |
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1. |
diffusing through lipid |
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2. |
pinocytosis |
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3. |
diffusing through aqueous pores |
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4. |
carrier-mediated transport |
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5. |
ion trapping |
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9. |
Which drug is absorbed by a membrane carrier that transports phenylalanine? |
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1. |
insulin |
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2. |
propranolol |
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3. |
levodopa |
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4. |
aspirin |
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5. |
penicillin |
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10. |
Transdermal drug administration |
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1. |
is most suitable for highly polar drugs |
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2. |
is not subject to first-pass hepatic metabolism |
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3. |
provides rapid and complete absorption |
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4. |
is only used for localized effects |
5. is most suitable for unconscious persons
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