Heart Lake Secondary School

PSY MISC

1)Believing that you are able to control the weather if you concentrate hard enough is an example of a

1. hallucination.
2. delusion.
3. obsession.
4. derealization.

 

 

 

2. Shareen has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. She believes that she is a powerful person who can save the world. Shareen is experiencing

1. hallucinations.
2. delusions of grandeur.
3. delusions of reference.
4. compulsions.

 

 

 

 

3. Which of the following is an example of a psychotic symptom?

1. Depression
2. Delusion
3. Obsession
4. Anxiety

 

 

 

 

4. Shannon believes that her boss has inserted microelectrodes in the water at work because he wants to be able to track the movement of all of his staff. She has "evidence" of this because she feels compelled to work non-stop every time she drinks the water. Shannon's experience reflects what symptom of schizophrenia?

1. Hallucinations
2. Obsessions
3. Compulsions
4. Delusions

 

 

 

 

5. Trevor has schizophrenia and often hears a voice that tells him "Meat eaters are the devil. They will force you to eat the beef and implant you with brain tumours. Stop the meat eaters." Trevor's experience reflects what symptom of schizophrenia?

1. Delusions of grandeur
2. Disorganized speech
3. Command hallucinations
4. Persecutory delusions

 

 

 

 

 

6. The most frequent type of hallucinations involves

1. experiencing taste in the absence of food.
2. hearing voices or sounds that are not real.
3. seeing objects or persons that are not real.
4. feeling objects on one's body that are not really present.

 

 

 

7. Feeling insects crawling on your skin (when none are really there) or hearing voices (when no one is around or no one is talking to you) would be examples of what symptom of schizophrenia?

1. Hallucinations
2. Obsessions
3. Catatonia
4. Delusions

 

 

 

 

8. Nick is admitted to a mental institution because he hears voices talking to him that no one else can hear, and he sees demons attacking him, though no one else could see anything near him. Nick's symptoms are known as

1. hallucinations.
2. obsessions.
3. compulsions.
4. delusions.

 

 

 

 

9. When people experience auditory hallucinations, which area of the brain becomes active?

1. prefrontal cortex
2. areas associated with speech
3. hippocampus
4. areas associated with cognitive control

 

 

 

 

10. Which symptom of schizophrenia can make it difficult for a clinician to understand what the patient is thinking or feeling?

1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3. Failure of hygiene
4. Disorganized speech

 

 

 

11. "Today, the floor went after the mighty, and I can see into the sandwich?" Sentences like this one are associated with which symptom of schizophrenia?

1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3. Echolalia
4. Disorganized speech

 

 

 

 

12. Experiencing extremes in motor behaviour or repeating phrases over and over are two symptoms associated with

1. paranoid schizophrenia.
2. disorganized schizophrenia.
3. catatonic schizophrenia.
4. undifferentiated schizophrenia.

 

 

 

 

13. A person with schizophrenia who displays bizarre or rigid postures, often seeming to get "stuck" in certain positions for hours, is displaying what symptom of schizophrenia?

1. Delusions
2. Disorganization

3. Catatonia
4. Echolalia

 

 

 

 

14. Which symptom of schizophrenia could result in a patient sometimes being completely immobile, and sometimes spinning in circles for no reason?

1. Catatonia
2. Hallucinations
3. Failure of hygiene
4. Disorganized speech

 

 

 

 

15. There are a variety of risk factors associated with schizophrenia, but which of the following seems to be a necessary factor?

1. genetic predisposition.
2. difficulties in learning.
3. troubles in filtering information from one's social world.
4. poor mother–child relationships.

 

 

 

 

16. Which familial factor increases the risk of relapse in patients with schizophrenia?

1. Schizophrenogenic mothers
2. Authoritarian parenting
3. Childhood sexual abuse
4. High levels of expressed emotion

 

 

 

17. What part of the brain is typically enlarged in persons with schizophrenia?

1. Frontal lobes
2. Ventricles
3. Amygdala
4. Thalamus

 

 

 

 

18. Many patients with schizophrenia show evidence of a phenomenon called hypofrontality. What does that mean?

1. They are aggressive and hostile.
2. They have a decreased likelihood of recovering.
3. They have a failure of hygiene and basic personal care.
4. They have reduced activation in the frontal lobes.

 

 

 

 

19. Research indicates that some forms of schizophrenia may result from abnormalities in the brain's receptor sites for what neurotransmitter?

1. Dopamine
2. Acetylcholine
3. Epinephrine
4. GABA

 

 

 

 

20. What are the 'positive symptoms' of schizophrenia?

1. Elevated mood, decreased need for sleep, and talkativeness.
2. Excesses of behaviour, like delusions and disorganized speech
3. Bizarre behaviours like catatonia, or echolalia
4. Symptoms tied to emotions

 

 

 

21. What are the 'negative symptoms' of schizophrenia?

1. Symptoms tied to emotions
2. Excesses of behaviour, like delusions and disorganized speech
3. Deficits of behaviour, like catatonia or withdrawal
4. Symptoms associated with a risk of aggression

 

 

 

 

22. People with                           symptoms of schizophrenia, associated with excesses of dopamine, have somewhat better functioning than people with                  symptoms of schizophrenia.

1. positive; negative
2. emotional; cognitive
3. negative; positive
4. cognitive; emotional

 

 

 

 

23. The risk of developing schizophrenia increases to approximately                 percent if we have an identical twin with schizophrenia.

1. 25
2. 50
3. 75

D)       100

 

 

 

24. The diathesis-stress model suggests that schizophrenia develops from

1. exposure to stress.
2. genetic influences entirely.
3. environmental influences entirely.
4. genetic predisposition and exposure to significant stressors.

 

 

 

 

25. Which of the following is an "early warning sign" of a vulnerability to schizophrenia or related conditions such as schizotypal personality disorder?

1. Parietal lobe abnormalities
2. High extroversion
3. Increased sociability
4. Magical thinking

 

 

 

 

26. Which personality disorder is more common among relatives of people with schizophrenia, than in the general population?

1. antisocial personality disorder
2. schizotypal personality disorder
3. borderline personality disorder
4. narcissistic personality disorder

 

 

 

 

27. Children who display severe deficits in language, social bonding, and imagination would be diagnosed as having what disorder?

1. Conduct disorder
2. Autism
3. ADHD
4. Bipolar disorder

 

 

 

 

28. The symptoms of autism become most apparent around what age?

1. 2
2. 4
3. 5
4. 7

 

 

 

29. The widespread belief in an autism epidemic resulting from childhood vaccines has been perpetuated in the media. The autism-vaccine link represents                                                      .

1. one causal factor in the development of this disorder
2. an illusory correlation
3. how environmental factors can "onset" a disorder
4. preliminary findings that are slowly gaining research support

 

 

 

 

30. The dramatic increase in the rate of autism over the past decade is most likely due to

1. childhood vaccines.
2. changes in diagnostic procedures.
3. poor diets and nutrition.
4. genetic mutations.

 

 

 

 

31. Asperger's disorder appears to be a mild form of what disorder?

1. Autism
2. Schizophrenia
3. Bipolar disorder
4. Depression

 

 

 

 

 

32. Which of the following statements is true concerning attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?

1. Approximately 10-15 percent of children are diagnosed with ADHD.
2. ADHD is more prevalent in young boys than in young girls.
3. Children with ADHD are unable to concentrate on tasks.
4. ADHD is caused by environmental and parenting factors.

 

 

 

33. Genetic and biological research has reported that ADHD patients display decreased activation in what area of the brain?

1. Temporal lobe
2. Parietal lobe
3. Frontal lobe
4. Occipital lobe

 

 

 

 

34. What type of medication is used, with success, to treat children with ADHD?

1. Anxiolytics
2. Stimulants
3. Depressants
4. Antipsychotics

 

 

 

 

 

Fill-in-the-blank

 

 

1. Someone who cannot seem to function in everyday life, as a consequence of mental symptoms, would meet the                criterion for a mental disorder.

 

 

 

 

2. The conceptualization of psychological troubles as resulting from physical disorders is known as the

                          model of mental illness.

 

 

3. The                           reliability of the major mental disorders is quite high, which means that clinicians tend to agree on diagnoses.

 

 

 

4. One criticism of the DSM is that it has a high rate of                                 , meaning that individuals with one diagnosis also tend to meet the criteria for another diagnosis.

 

 

 

 

5. When a person is a danger to themselves or to others, psychiatrists can use procedures for                                                                                                                                                                                                                    in order to keep that person in a mental facility.

 

 

 

 

6. A new disorder in the DSM-5 called                              disorder has symptoms that include being preoccupied with the idea of having a serious disease. This is similar to the concept of hypochondriasis.

 

 

 

 

 

 

7. Marvel is often anxious and tense, across many aspects of her life, though there is no specific reason for these

feelings. As a result, she is often irritable with her family, friends, and coworkers without meaning to be. These symptoms are consistent with                              disorder.

 

 

 

 

 

 

8. disorder involves an intense fear of public situations in which embarrassment or humiliation is likely.

 

 

 

 

 

 

9. Marc is often consumed by the thought that he is unclean despite the fact that he has bathed. He also becomes extremely anxious when other people want to shake hands with him or touch him because all he can think about is the germs that may get passed from them to him. Marc's thoughts are consistent with the symptom of

                          .

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10. The disorder of                            involves compulsive buying or collecting and anxiety associated with getting rid of possessions.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11. Some people who have experienced trauma will continue to relive it because their memories of those events come to mind very easily. These                are a hallmark symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12. One of the features of anxiety disorders is a tendency to                               , which means to think that the worst will happen, no matter how low the probability.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13. A chronic or recurrent state of low mood, diminished interest in pleasurable activities, as well as symptoms like sleep difficulties and weight loss, is called                                  disorder.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14. Seligman provided evidence that depressed people tend to have internal, global, and stable                                                                                                                                                                                                               for bad things that happen to them.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15. Felix has a strong feeling of grandiosity, experiences racing thoughts throughout the day, and is much more active and agitated than normal. Felix appears to be experiencing a                                 episode.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

16. Repeated altnerations between elevated and depressed mood is associated with bipolar disorder, as well as the milder version called                             .

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

17. It seems that                           is an even better predictor of suicide than is depressed mood, because people are most likely to kill themselves when they see no escape.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18. Instability in mood, identity, and impulse control are symptoms of                                 personality disorder.

 

 

  

 

 

19. The category of                            disorders involves disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception.

 

 

 

 

20. One serious symptom of schizophrenia is                                , in which people tend to hear or see things that aren't there.

 

 

 

 

21. Riddick constantly speaks in a manner that is hard to follow because he quickly skips from topic to topic, sometimes even within a single sentence. This is most clearly the schizophrenic symptom of       speech.

 

 

 

22. Physical signs of schizophrenia includes enlarged                                   in the brain, because other brain areas tend to shrink.

 

 

 

 

 

 Critical Thinking

1. Using examples, demonstrate how each of the four main criteria for defining abnormality are insufficient on their own, and that multiple perspectives may be necessary for defining abnormality.

 

 

2. Differentiate how learning theorists and cognitive theorists differ in their explanations for the causes of anxiety disorders and major depressive disorder.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. Differentiate how the posttraumatic model and the sociocognitive model differ in their explanations of the causes of dissociative identity disorder (DID). Identify which view has been empirically supported and list at least two observations that have provided support for this view.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Essay

 

1. Provide an example of how a patient with a diagnosis of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder might fit with each of the four criteria for defining abnormality: statistical rarity, subjective distress, impairment, and biological dysfunction.

 

 

2. Contrast the demonic and moral treatment approaches of mental illness.

 

 

 

 

3. Compare and contrast the dimensional approach with the categorical approach to diagnosing mental disorders. Which approach is used by the DSM-5, and what is one key criticism of this approach?

 

 

 

4. What are phobias? Define phobia, and then describe agoraphobia, specific phobias, and social anxiety disorder.

 

 

 

 

 

 

5. Describe the animal experiment associated with the learned helplessness model, and explain how this model relates to our understanding of depression.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6. Identify and describe evidence about three important risk factors for suicide attempts.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7. What is borderline personality disorder (BPD)? Describe the behaviours displayed by someone who has been diagnosed with BPD and describe the sociobiological model for BPD.

 

 

 

 

 

 

8. Differentiate between the psychological disorders of dissociative identity disorder (DID) and schizophrenia by comparing symptoms, causes, and how valid each disorder seems to be.

 

 

 

 

9. Identify and describe the four main classes of symptoms of schizophrenia.