• Cannon-Bard Theory

  Correct

• Reimer-Johnson Theory

• James-Lange Theory

• Schachter-Singer Theory

• External stimuli

  Correct

• Internal stimuli

• Lack of homeostasis

• Push

3. 

What is the experience of hunger a result of?

Multiple Choice

• A learned response originating in the temporal lobe.

• An empty stomach.

• Changes in glucose levels.

  Correct

• The relationship between the stomach and esophagus.

4. 

A visitor from France was stunned when served a meal in an American restaurant. Why was he so surprised?

Multiple Choice

• The absence of a desert.

• The unusually large servings.

  Correct

• The unusually small servings.

• The number of vegetables which were served.

5. 

Following the tornado there was extensive damage. Trees were uprooted, there was no running water, and the university was closed. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs the mayor should first direct attention to which of the following?

Multiple Choice

• Restoring the water supply

  Correct

• Building shelters

• Restoring the homes

• Opening the university

6. 

While watching a movie an actor said something that could be either funny or upsetting. Some people in the audience laughed, so John laughed and concluded the dialogue was funny. What does this example illustrate?

Multiple Choice

• Reimer-Johnson Theory

• Cannon-Bard Theory

• Schachter-Singer Theory

  Correct

• James-Lange Theory

7. 

Tram has a goal of becoming a lawyer. He enrolls in law school and earns the highest grades in several classes. What does Tram likely have?

Multiple Choice

• Strong need for safety

• Weak need for affiliation

• Weak need for power

• Strong need for achievement

8. 

After watching seven consecutive action movies, Roberto does not watch this type of movie again for several months. Which approach can best describe Roberto's behaviour?

Multiple Choice

• Arousal

  Correct

• Incentive

• Drive-reduction

  Incorrect

• Instinct

9. 

Which of the following statements regarding the need for achievement is TRUE?

Multiple Choice

• It is high among Caucasians.

• It is inversely related to college grades.

• It tends to be stable over time.

  Correct

• It is largely determined by genetics.

10. 

Mark stated that he hates to take tests, but enjoys doing projects because the pressure of a test causes him to forget what he knows. According to the arousal approach to motivation what might this student need to do?

Multiple Choice

• Increase the arousal level in order to perform well.

• Examine the arousal levels the student is experiencing which are too high for good functioning.

  Correct

• Find that risk taking before a test will help to optimize arousal.

• View anxiety as arousal and learn to profit from it.

11. 

What is one of the primary weaknesses of the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion?

Multiple Choice

• Research has shown that emotions are accounted for solely by physiological arousal.

• It has been unable to explain most people's emotional experiences that occur outside of the laboratory.

• Research has been unable to show that physiological and emotional responses occur simultaneously.

  Correct

• It cannot explain why physiological arousal does not always lead to an emotional experience.

 12. 

If Carol is like most dieters, what will she do?

Multiple Choice

• Be able to achieve and maintain a lower weight over time.

• Lose weight if she moves to an all-liquid diet.

• Lose weight by including such foods as soup and grapes into her diet.

  Correct

• Lose most weight if she loses 10 or more pounds in the first two weeks.

13. 

Sarah notices that whenever she talks to her philosophy professor, her heart races and she clinches her fists. Because of this, Sarah concludes that she must not like this professor. Sarah's interpretation would be supported by the

Multiple Choice

• James-Lange Theory

  Correct

• Cannon-Bard Theory

• Reimer-Johnson Theory

• Schachter-Singer Theory

14. 

When comparing men and women what does research suggest regarding their affiliation?

Multiple Choice

• Men are less likely to spend time with their friends, but only if their need for affiliation is weak.

• Men are more likely to spend time with their friends, but only if their need for affiliation is strong.

  Incorrect

• Women are more likely to spend time with their friends, regardless of their need for affiliation.

  Correct

• Men are less likely to spend time with their friends, regardless of their need for affiliation.

15. 

Pedro's test results are confusing. He has taken the same test several times, and each time the results seem different. Initially, the test indicated that he was shy and fearful of new experiences. Two months later, the test described him as outgoing and a risk taker. What might these contradictions indicate?

Multiple Choice

• The test is not valid.

• The test is not reliable.

  Correct

• There are not standards for the test.

• Pedro has a mental disorder.

16. 

In Raymond Cattell's personality theory, the basic dimensions of personality are known as what type of trait?

Multiple Choice

• Central

• Cardinal

• Unconscious

• Source

17. 

According to trait theory, which of the following best describes a personality trait?

Multiple Choice

• Expressions of the unconscious mind

• Consistent

  Correct

• Capable of changing rapidly

• Stages of development

18. 

Mary avoids worrying about the health risks of her cigarette smoking by thinking, "Those lab studies prove nothing except that test animals should not smoke." Which of the following Freudian defense mechanism does Mary apply?

Multiple Choice

• Repression.

• Displacement.

• Rationalization.

  Correct

• Sublimation.

19. 

Sean, at age 5, has a strong, affectionate attachment to his mother. According to Freudian theory which of the following best explains this behaviour?

Multiple Choice

• Anal complex

• Electra complex

• Genital complex

• Oedipus complex

20. 

Lindsay's friends think she is a workaholic. None of her work is ever good enough and she can't even be proud of her many achievements. She drove herself so hard, that her friends feared that she would physically collapse. How would Freudian theory describe Lindsay?

Multiple Choice

• Is avoiding the demands of reality.

• Is attempting to rechannel impulses from an unresolved conflict.

  Correct

• Is unable to face the demands of the ego.

• Is entering a conflict stage.

21. 

How would the administration of a projective personality test begin?

Multiple Choice

• By presenting to the person life events scales that measure stressful reactions.

• By presenting to the person ambiguous stimuli such as pictures or inkblots.

  Correct

• By first presenting to the person sets of multiple-choice questions.

• By presenting to the person a picture that has a very clear meaning.

22. 

The Canadian government has developed a different set of norms of the General Aptitude Test Battery for its citizens in order to do what?

Multiple Choice

• Increase the number of people who pass the test.

  Incorrect

• Compensate for test changes.

• Produce a more modern test.

• Reduce the effect of lack of prior experience and opportunities.

23. 

As you take your exam, you probably are not aware of how hard the chair is that you are sitting in. Now that it has been brought to your attention, you become more aware of the chair's hardness. Where would Freud argue that this information was stored?

Multiple Choice

• In your unconscious

  Incorrect

• In your id

• In your preconscious

  Correct

• In your frontal lobe

24. 

Which of the following explains why the iceberg analogy is used to represent Freud's personality structure?

Multiple Choice

• It demonstrates the nature of personality as a huge destructive force.

• The size of the iceberg represents egocentrism and its location in the ocean isolation.

• It shows that most important processes occur beneath the level of consciousness.

  Correct

• It represents the chilling and amoral view of human existence.

25. 

Allen and his brother are both easy going, and love to visit family and friends. Allen, however, unlike his brother, is a "shaker and mover." When he decides to do something, his family and fellow workers know to get out of the way. He remains focused on a problem until it is completed. This intense problem-centred focus seems to be which of his traits?

Multiple Choice

• Central trait

• Cardinal trait

  Correct

• Primary personality error

• Secondary trait

26. 

Jonathan often fantasizes about having sex, and he would prefer to have sex as often as he could. However, he knows he must go to class, do his homework, and study for exams so that he can get a good job later on. According to Freud, what is regulating Jonathan's sexual desires?

Multiple Choice

• Superego's conscience

• Id

• Superego's ego-deal

• Ego

27. 

Which of these issues would be of greatest concern to a social cognitive personality theorist?

Multiple Choice

• The impact of cartoon violence on preschoolers' aggression.

  Correct

• The effects of group dynamics on a person's moods and feelings.

• How fixation at the anal stage affects one's adult behaviour.

• Whether traits of parents and those of their child are associated.

28. 

Which of the following statements describes a projective measure?

Multiple Choice

• Tests like the Rorschach have high validity, but they are not very popular in clinical settings.

• Tests like the Rorschach have low validity, and they are not very popular in clinical settings.

• Tests like the Rorschach have high validity, and they are very popular in clinical settings.

  Incorrect

• Tests like the Rorschach have low validity, but they are very popular in clinical settings.

29. 

All of the following are components of Sternberg's theory of love EXCEPT which one?

Multiple Choice

• Intimacy

• Decision

• Passion

• Altruism

30. 

In which academic area would attitudes, conformity, obedience, interpersonal attraction, aggression, and helping be content topics?

Multiple Choice

• Anthropology

• Sociobiology

• Sociology

• Social psychology

31. 

Why do the "foot-in-the-door" and "door-in-the-face" sales pitch techniques work?

Multiple Choice

• They reduce the chance of attribution errors.

• They encourage you to like the salesperson.

• They take advantage of your need to be consistent.

  Correct

• They lower feelings of self-esteem.

32. 

Which of the following characteristics will NOT reduce negative stereotyping in a contact situation?

Multiple Choice

• Cooperation

• Equal status

• Independence

  Correct

• Intimacy

33. 

"Of course, Frank will volunteer at the city's animal human society. Doesn't everyone want to help animals?" The attribution error in this case is due to which of the following?

Multiple Choice

• The halo effect

• Self-serving bias

• Fundamental attribution error

• Assumed-similarity bias

34. 

According to the principle of "diffusion of responsibility," when will a bystanders be most likely to offer help to an individual who is in trouble?

Multiple Choice

• If the individual in need of help is very young.

• If there are only one or two bystanders who can offer help.

  Correct

• If the bystanders are made to feel less responsible for their acts.

• If there are many bystanders around willing to help.

35. 

Amazon offers three earbud headphones for 1 dollar each, but the fine print of the agreement requires that you buy five more within a two-year period. This sales tactic is an example of which of the following techniques?

Multiple Choice

• Foot-in-the-door

  Correct

• Not-so-free sample

• That's-not-all

  Incorrect

• Door-in-the-face

36. 

"That can't be the librarian. Librarians are soft spoken, usually skinny old ladies, and they wear glasses on the end of their nose." What is this individual describing?

Multiple Choice

• A schema for librarians.

  Correct

• Cognitive dissonance for librarians.

• Social influence of the librarian.

• Attributions of the librarian.

37. 

Compared with conformity, compliance involves which of the following?

Multiple Choice

• A clear command for behavioural change

• More obvious and direct pressure

  Correct

• More subtle and indirect pressure

• A more lasting change in behaviour

38. 

The board was preparing to vote on the calendar for next year. Six members were in agreement, but Carla saw problems with the proposed schedule. She will most likely do which of the following?

Multiple Choice

• Vote against the proposal if one person will vote with her.

  Correct

• Vote against the proposal.

• Voice her objections.

• Resign in protest.

39. 

Mike starts pounding on the steering wheel of his car because he cannot find a parking space downtown and is late for an appointment. Mike's angry behaviour is an example of which theory in social psychology?

Multiple Choice

• Catharsis theory of aggression

• Frustration-aggression hypothesis

  Correct

• Instinctual theory of aggression

• Observational theory of aggression

40. 

Why do salespersons in medication ads dress to look like a doctor?

Multiple Choice

• The salesperson's credibility is enhanced.

  Correct

• It is a requirement of the pharmaceutical companies.

• The product was developed by physicians.

• FCC regulations demand this.

41. 

When forming early impressions about new acquaintances, it is especially important that positive information relating to which of the following be conveyed?

Multiple Choice

• Central traits

  Correct

• Social conformity

• Cognitive dissonance

• Situational causes

42. 

A major corporation seeks a suitable spokesperson to a group of people high in the need for cognition. What characteristics should the company seek in its new spokesperson?

Multiple Choice

• Unattractiveness and simplicity

• Fame and attractiveness

  Incorrect

• Personal sophistication

• Trustworthiness and expertise in the field

43. 

Hugh bought a new calculator at Staples for $125. One week later, he saw an ad from Walmart showing the same calculator on sale for $75. Hugh said to himself, "I'm glad I got my calculator at Staples; the ones at Walmart are probably defective. I don't mind having paid more for mine." What social psychological principle does Hugh's statement reflect?

Multiple Choice

• Self-perception bias

• Peripheral-route processing

• Cognitive dissonance reduction

  Correct

• Informational influence

44. 

Abiding by the speed limit is to _____ as leaving the room when directed by the professor is to _____.

Multiple Choice

• conformity; unanimity

• forewarning; catharsis

• diffusion of responsibility; morality

• compliance; obedience

45. 

Kathy has just moved into her college dorm where each floor has a central lounge that residents share. If Kathy wants to make as many friends as possible, which of the following best describes where she should hope her room is located?

Multiple Choice

• Close to the lounge

  Correct

• Far away from the lounge

• On the bottom floor

• On the top floor