Florida International University PCB 3063 Review Sheet: Unit 7- Genes to Proteins 15.1 The Genetic Code 1)What is the cellular process of transcription? What is translation? How many different amino acids can be used to make a protein? What is a codon? How do the different amino acids give rise to variation in protein structure and function? Each amino acid is made up of what? Of these components in amino acids, which gives rise to variation? What is the Central Dogma? Why do the cells use mRNA? The copying of DNA to RNA consists of what? Why is the translation to protein a bit more complex? This means that nucleotides 1 to 3 correspond to what and nucleotides 4 to 6 correspond to what? What organelles are able to read the genetic information inscribed on mRNA and use the information to build a polypeptide? How many possible nucleotide triplets are there? Why is the genetic code referred to as degenerate? In addition to instructing the addition of a specific amino acid to a

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Florida International University PCB 3063 Review Sheet: Unit 7- Genes to Proteins 15

Biology May 04, 2021

Florida International University

PCB 3063

Review Sheet: Unit 7- Genes to Proteins

15.1 The Genetic Code

1)What is the cellular process of transcription?

What is translation?
How many different amino acids can be used to make a protein?
What is a codon?
How do the different amino acids give rise to variation in protein structure and function?
Each amino acid is made up of what?
Of these components in amino acids, which gives rise to variation?
What is the Central Dogma?
Why do the cells use mRNA?
The copying of DNA to RNA consists of what?
Why is the translation to protein a bit more complex?
This means that nucleotides 1 to 3 correspond to what and nucleotides 4 to 6 correspond to what?
What organelles are able to read the genetic information inscribed on mRNA and use the information to build a polypeptide?

How many possible nucleotide triplets are there?
Why is the genetic code referred to as degenerate?
In addition to instructing the addition of a specific amino acid to a polypeptide chain, three of the 64 codons are responsible for what?
What are these 3 triplets called?
What role does the codon AUG play?

19.. Where would this codon be found?

Why is the genetic code referred to as Universal?
What does ‘conservation of codons’ mean?
That there is only one genetic code is powerful evidence for what?
What is degeneracy?
Codons that specify the same amino acid typically only differ by what?
This quality in the genetic code ensures what?
What is the DNA alphabet and the RNA alphabet and the polypeptide alphabet?

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