Rasmussen College NURSING 1172 Chapter 21: Diseases of the Heart, Blood Vessels, and Lungs 1)Development of coronary heart disease is related to: In the process of atherosclerosis: The layer of the artery in which atherosclerotic plaque forms is the: Plaque usually consists mainly of: Several types of blood lipoproteins are synthesized in the: The function of lipoproteins in body metabolism is to transport: The class of lipoproteins that has the highest lipid content is: The classes of lipoproteins that carry the most triglyceride by weight are: The class of lipoproteins that is most responsible for atherosclerosis and is considered “bad cholesterol” is: The type of lipoprotein that is considered to be protective against cardiovascular disease is: The protein component that attaches itself to lipoproteins and has a significant effect on function is:   In nutritional management of high serum cholesterol levels, TLC stands for: In patients with elevated serum LDL cholesterol levels, monounsaturated fat intake should be: Foods high in monounsaturated fats include: According to TLC recommendations, a type of fatty acid that should be avoided as much as possible is: Fats high in polyunsaturated fats include: A desirable blood cholesterol level is: The major principle that guides nutrition planning for clients who have coronary heart disease is: Good sources of soluble dietary fiber include: Soluble fibers are believed to be beneficial for preventing heart disease because they: Therapeutic dietary options for enhancing lowering of LDL cholesterol include: Drug therapy should be considered for patients with hypercholesterolemia when: When blood supply to a tissue or body part is reduced, the result is referred to as: A localized area of dead tissue is called a(n): If a patient who has just had a myocardial infarction has hypertension, his or her recommended diet would be: Congestive heart failure can lead to an imbalance in: The stimulus for the renin- angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism is: Congestive heart failure affects the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism so that: Nutrition therapy for clients who have congestive heart failure focuses on restriction of dietary intake of: The renin-angiotensin- aldosterone mechanism tends to promote the retention of sodium and the excretion of: The cause of essential hypertension is: An important feature of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan is:   The upper limit of normal blood pressure in adults is considered to be: The three types of body systems that maintain normal blood pressure are: In the United States, the incidence of stroke is highest among: The diagnosis of prehypertension, stage 1 hypertension, or stage 2 hypertension is based on: Medical nutrition therapy for treatment of hypertension includes: The main source of dietary sodium is: Most strokes are caused by: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often accompanied by: The factor that guides nutrition therapy for clients with COPD is the: Patients who have experienced stroke may need to eat softened foods and thickened liquids if they have: Clients with COPD should have intakes that are higher than is normally recommended for: The most important factor that contributes to development of peripheral vascular disease is: The amount of fluid recommended for clients with pneumonia (who do not need fluid restrictions) is: The objective of nutritional management for clients with tuberculosis is to: Elevated blood levels of C- reactive protein indicate: An example of a meal high in soluble fiber is: Omega-3 fatty acids help decrease risk of heart disease by: The food that would be lowest in sodium is: